CVE-2024-22407

Executive Summary

CVE-2024-22407 is a missing authorization vulnerability in the Shopware open headless commerce platform. The flaw resides in the order state handler, which fails to properly verify user permissions when modifying payment, delivery, or order statuses. As a result, authenticated users without explicit "write" permissions for orders can still change the order state. This can lead to unauthorized order manipulation, potentially causing financial discrepancies, incorrect fulfillment, or data integrity issues. The vulnerability has a CVSS score of 4.9 (Medium) and affects all Shopware versions prior to 6.5.7.4. A security plugin is available for older versions (6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4), but upgrading to the latest version is strongly recommended.

Supply Chain & Package Security

Shopware is a PHP-based e-commerce platform distributed via Composer. The vulnerability is not in a third-party package but in the core platform's authorization logic. However, organizations using Shopware should verify the integrity of their installation and ensure no malicious modifications have been introduced via compromised plugins or themes. The official patch is distributed through the Shopware update mechanism and the plugin store.

CVSS Breakdown & Threat Level

• CVSS Score: 4.9 (Medium)
• Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
• Attack Vector: Network
• Attack Complexity: Low
• Privileges Required: Low (authenticated user)
• User Interaction: None
• Scope: Unchanged
• Confidentiality Impact: None
• Integrity Impact: Low (unauthorized state changes)
• Availability Impact: None

Threat Level: Medium. The vulnerability requires authentication but allows low-privileged users to modify order states, which can disrupt business operations and order integrity.

Deep Dive & Mechanics

The vulnerability exists in the order state handler component of Shopware. In the affected versions, the authorization check for state transitions (e.g., from "open" to "shipped" or "cancelled") does not properly enforce the "write" permission on the order entity. The code likely uses a generic permission check that fails to scope the action to the specific order resource.

The core issue is a Missing Authorization (CWE-862) flaw. The state handler likely performs a check like $this->isGranted('order:write') but does not verify that the user has permission to modify the specific order. In some implementations, the check might be entirely absent for certain state transitions, or the permission check is performed after the state change has already been applied.

The attack flow:

1. An authenticated user with limited privileges (e.g., a customer or support agent without order write access) logs into the Shopware backend or API.
2. The user sends a request to change the order state (e.g., via the admin API or a storefront endpoint).
3. The vulnerable state handler processes the request without verifying the user's authorization to modify that specific order.
4. The order state is updated, potentially causing incorrect fulfillment, payment processing, or data integrity issues.

Vulnerable vs. Patched Code

Vulnerable Code (Shopware < 6.5.7.4):

// In OrderStateHandler.php
public function transition(OrderEntity $order, string $transition, Context $context): void
{
    // Missing or insufficient authorization check
    // $this->denyAccessUnlessGranted('order:write', $order); // This line is missing or incorrect
    $this->stateMachineRegistry->transition($order, $transition, $context);
}

Patched Code (Shopware >= 6.5.7.4):

// In OrderStateHandler.php
public function transition(OrderEntity $order, string $transition, Context $context): void
{
    $this->denyAccessUnlessGranted('order:write', $order); // Added proper authorization check
    $this->stateMachineRegistry->transition($order, $transition, $context);
}

The patch adds a proper authorization check using Symfony's security component, ensuring that the user has the order:write permission for the specific order before allowing the state transition.

Exploitation & Lab Setup

Red Team (Exploitation)

Prerequisites:

• Access to a Shopware instance (version < 6.5.7.4)
• Valid credentials for a user with limited privileges (e.g., a customer account or a support agent without order write permissions)

Exploitation Steps:

1. Identify the target endpoint. The vulnerable endpoint is typically the admin API route for order state transitions, e.g., POST /api/order/{orderId}/state/transition.

2. Authenticate and obtain a session token or API key.

3. Send a malicious request to change the order state:

curl -X POST "https://target-shop.com/api/order/12345/state/transition" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer <token>" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"transition": "process"}'

4. Verify the state change by checking the order status in the frontend or via another API call.

Expected Outcome: The order state is changed despite the user lacking write permissions.

Blue Team (Detection & Defense)

Detection:

• Monitor for unauthorized state transitions in order audit logs.
• Alert on state changes performed by users who do not have the order:write role.
• Look for API requests to /api/order/*/state/transition from low-privileged accounts.

Defense:

• Apply the patch immediately (upgrade to Shopware 6.5.7.4 or install the security plugin).
• Implement additional monitoring and alerting for order state changes.
• Review user permissions and ensure least privilege principles are enforced.
• Use Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to block suspicious state transition requests.

Indicators of Compromise (IOCs)

• Log Entries: Unauthorized order state transitions in Shopware audit logs.
• API Requests: POST requests to /api/order/*/state/transition from users without order:write permission.
• Order Status Anomalies: Orders with unexpected state changes (e.g., shipped without payment, cancelled without reason).
• User Activity: Users with limited roles performing state transitions on orders they should not have access to.

Detection Engineering

YARA Rule

rule Detect_Shopware_CVE_2024_22407_Exploit {
    meta:
        description = "Detects exploitation attempts of CVE-2024-22407 in Shopware"
        author = "Valters IT"
        date = "2024-01-01"
        reference = "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22407"
    strings:
        $s1 = "/api/order/" ascii wide nocase
        $s2 = "/state/transition" ascii wide nocase
        $s3 = "transition" ascii wide nocase
    condition:
        all of ($s1, $s2, $s3) and filesize < 10KB
}

Sigma Rule

title: Unauthorized Order State Transition in Shopware
id: 8a9b7c6d-5e4f-3a2b-1c0d-9e8f7a6b5c4d
status: experimental
description: Detects attempts to change order state without proper authorization in Shopware
author: Valters IT
date: 2024/01/01
references:
    - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22407
logsource:
    category: application
    product: shopware
detection:
    selection:
        http.method: 'POST'
        http.url|contains: '/api/order/'
        http.url|contains: '/state/transition'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Legitimate state transitions by authorized users
level: medium

Suricata Rule

alert http $HOME_NET any -> $EXTERNAL_NET any (
    msg:"CVE-2024-22407 - Unauthorized Order State Transition in Shopware";
    flow:to_server,established;
    content:"POST";
    http_method;
    content:"/api/order/";
    http_uri;
    content:"/state/transition";
    http_uri;
    classtype:attempted-admin;
    sid:1000001;
    rev:1;
    reference:cve,2024-22407;
)

Remediation & Mitigation

Immediate Actions:

1. Upgrade to Shopware 6.5.7.4 or later.
2. For older versions (6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4), install the security plugin from the Shopware store.
3. Review all user permissions and remove unnecessary order:write access.
4. Audit recent order state changes for signs of exploitation.

Long-term Mitigations:

• Implement additional logging and monitoring for order state transitions.
• Use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to block suspicious requests.
• Regularly update Shopware and all plugins.
• Conduct periodic security reviews of custom code and configurations.

Valters IT
DevSecOps & Cyber Threat Intelligence Expert