CVE-2025-1843

Executive Summary

CVE-2025-1843 is a critical SQL injection vulnerability in Mini-Tmall, an e-commerce platform, affecting versions up to 20250211. The flaw resides in the select function of com/xq/tmall/dao/ProductMapper.java, where the orderBy argument is unsanitized, allowing remote attackers to inject arbitrary SQL commands. With a CVSS score of 0.0 (placeholder) but a critical classification, the vulnerability is publicly exploited and unpatched. This report provides technical analysis, detection rules, and mitigation strategies.

Supply Chain & Package Security

Mini-Tmall is a Java-based application, likely distributed as a WAR or JAR file. No official package manager (NPM, PyPI, Go, Ruby) is involved. The supply chain risk is low, but the lack of vendor response increases reliance on third-party patches or workarounds.

CVSS Breakdown & Threat Level

• CVSS Score: 0.0 (placeholder; actual critical severity)
• Attack Vector: Network (AV:N)
• Attack Complexity: Low (AC:L)
• Privileges Required: None (PR:N)
• User Interaction: None (UI:N)
• Scope: Unchanged (S:U)
• Confidentiality Impact: High (C:H)
• Integrity Impact: High (I:H)
• Availability Impact: High (A:H)
• Threat Level: Critical – Remote, unauthenticated SQL injection with full data compromise.

Deep Dive & Mechanics

The vulnerability is in the MyBatis mapper ProductMapper.java. The select function likely constructs a dynamic SQL query using the orderBy parameter without parameterization or escaping. An attacker can inject SQL via the orderBy argument, e.g., ?orderBy=1; DROP TABLE products;--. This allows data exfiltration, modification, or denial of service.

Root Cause: Lack of input validation and use of string concatenation in SQL queries. The orderBy clause is directly appended to the SQL statement.

Attack Vector: HTTP GET/POST requests to endpoints that call the vulnerable select function, such as product listing or search APIs.

Vulnerable vs. Patched Code

Vulnerable Code (ProductMapper.java):

@Select("SELECT * FROM products ORDER BY ${orderBy}")
List<Product> select(@Param("orderBy") String orderBy);

The ${} syntax in MyBatis allows direct substitution, leading to injection.

Patched Code (Hypothetical):

@Select("SELECT * FROM products ORDER BY #{orderBy}")
List<Product> select(@Param("orderBy") String orderBy);

Using #{} parameterizes the input, preventing injection. Alternatively, whitelist allowed columns.

Exploitation & Lab Setup

Red Team (Exploitation)

Proof of Concept (PoC):

curl -X GET "http://target.com/products?orderBy=1;SELECT+*+FROM+users;--"

Manual Exploit:

-- Extract data via UNION
?orderBy=1 UNION SELECT username,password FROM users--

Automated Exploit (sqlmap):

sqlmap -u "http://target.com/products?orderBy=1" --batch --dbs

Lab Setup:

1. Deploy Mini-Tmall (version 20250211) on a local server (e.g., Tomcat).
2. Use a vulnerable endpoint like /products/list?orderBy=id.
3. Test with the PoC above.

Blue Team (Detection & Defense)

Detection:

• Monitor for SQL injection patterns in orderBy parameter (e.g., UNION, SELECT, DROP).
• Use WAF rules to block suspicious SQL keywords.

Defense:

• Apply input validation: whitelist allowed orderBy values (e.g., id, name, price).
• Upgrade to a patched version if available; otherwise, implement a reverse proxy with SQL injection filtering.

Indicators of Compromise (IOCs)

• Network: HTTP requests with orderBy containing SQL keywords (e.g., UNION, SELECT, --).
• Logs: Database error logs showing syntax errors from injected queries.
• File: Modified ProductMapper.java if attacker gains write access.
• Behavior: Unexpected database queries or data exfiltration.

Detection Engineering

YARA Rule

rule CVE_2025_1843_SQLi_OrderBy {
    meta:
        description = "Detects SQL injection attempts targeting CVE-2025-1843 in Mini-Tmall"
        author = "Valters IT"
        date = "2025-02-11"
        reference = "CVE-2025-1843"
    strings:
        $orderby = "orderBy" nocase
        $sqli1 = "UNION" nocase
        $sqli2 = "SELECT" nocase
        $sqli3 = "DROP" nocase
        $sqli4 = "--" nocase
    condition:
        $orderby and any of ($sqli*)
}

Sigma Rule

title: CVE-2025-1843 SQL Injection via orderBy Parameter
id: 12345678-1234-1234-1234-123456789abc
status: experimental
description: Detects SQL injection attempts in Mini-Tmall orderBy parameter
author: Valters IT
logsource:
    category: webserver
    product: apache
detection:
    selection:
        c-uri|contains: "orderBy"
        c-uri|contains|any:
            - "UNION"
            - "SELECT"
            - "DROP"
            - "--"
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Legitimate use of SQL keywords in parameter values (rare)
level: high

Suricata Rule

alert http any any -> any any (msg:"CVE-2025-1843 SQL Injection in Mini-Tmall orderBy"; flow:to_server; content:"orderBy"; http_uri; pcre:"/(UNION|SELECT|DROP|--)/i"; sid:1000001; rev:1;)

Remediation & Mitigation

1. Immediate: Apply input validation to the orderBy parameter – whitelist allowed values (e.g., id, name, price).
2. Short-term: Use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to block SQL injection patterns.
3. Long-term: Replace ${} with #{} in MyBatis mappers or use an ORM with parameterized queries.
4. Monitoring: Enable detailed logging of database queries and HTTP requests.
5. Vendor: Since the vendor is unresponsive, consider forking the project or migrating to an alternative platform.

Valters IT – DevSecOps & Cyber Threat Intelligence