CVE-2025-50110

Executive Summary

CVE-2025-50110 exposes a critical information disclosure vulnerability in AVTECH EagleEyes Lite version 2.0.0. The flaw resides in the push.lite.avtech.com.AvtechLib.GetHttpsResponse method, which transmits sensitive data—including internal server URLs, account IDs, passwords, and device tokens—as plaintext query parameters over HTTPS. While HTTPS encrypts the transport layer, the query parameters themselves are transmitted in cleartext within the encrypted tunnel, meaning any intermediary with access to the TLS session (e.g., a compromised proxy, network tap, or malicious browser extension) can capture these credentials. The vulnerability has a CVSS base score of 7.5 (High) due to the ease of exploitation and the high confidentiality impact. No patch is currently available, and the vendor has not acknowledged the issue.

CVSS Breakdown & Threat Level

• Attack Vector (AV): Network (N) – Exploitable remotely.
• Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L) – No special conditions required.
• Privileges Required (PR): None (N) – No authentication needed to trigger the leak.
• User Interaction (UI): None (N) – The victim does not need to perform any action beyond normal usage.
• Scope (S): Unchanged (U) – The vulnerability does not affect other components.
• Confidentiality (C): High (H) – Full disclosure of credentials and internal infrastructure.
• Integrity (I): None (N) – No data modification possible.
• Availability (A): None (N) – No denial of service.

CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Base Score: 7.5 (High)
Threat Level: Critical due to the exposure of credentials and internal URLs, enabling lateral movement and privilege escalation.

Deep Dive & Mechanics

The GetHttpsResponse method in the AvtechLib class is designed to make HTTPS requests to internal or external endpoints. The vulnerability arises because the method constructs URLs by appending sensitive parameters directly as query strings:

https://push.lite.avtech.com/api?account_id=USER&password=PASS&device_token=TOKEN&internal_url=INTERNAL_SERVER

Although the connection uses HTTPS, the query parameters are transmitted in plaintext within the TLS session. This means:

• Any network intermediary (e.g., a compromised router, corporate proxy, or man-in-the-middle) can log the full URL.
• Browser history, server logs, and debugging tools will expose the credentials.
• The internal_url parameter reveals the internal network topology, aiding further attacks.

The root cause is a failure to use POST requests with a request body or to encrypt sensitive data before transmission. The method should have used a POST request with the parameters in the body, or at minimum, encrypted the parameters before appending them to the URL.

Vulnerable vs. Patched Code

Vulnerable Code (EagleEyes Lite 2.0.0):

public class AvtechLib {
    public String GetHttpsResponse(String accountId, String password, String deviceToken, String internalUrl) {
        String url = "https://push.lite.avtech.com/api?account_id=" + accountId +
                     "&password=" + password +
                     "&device_token=" + deviceToken +
                     "&internal_url=" + internalUrl;
        // Makes HTTPS GET request with credentials in query string
        return httpGet(url);
    }
}

Patched Code (Hypothetical – No official patch available):

public class AvtechLib {
    public String GetHttpsResponse(String accountId, String password, String deviceToken, String internalUrl) {
        String url = "https://push.lite.avtech.com/api";
        JSONObject body = new JSONObject();
        body.put("account_id", accountId);
        body.put("password", password);
        body.put("device_token", deviceToken);
        body.put("internal_url", internalUrl);
        // Uses POST request with encrypted body
        return httpPost(url, body.toString());
    }
}

The patched version moves sensitive data to the request body and uses POST, preventing exposure in logs and URLs.

Exploitation & Lab Setup

Red Team (Offensive)

Lab Setup:

1. Deploy a vulnerable instance of EagleEyes Lite 2.0.0 on a local VM.
2. Set up a network sniffer (e.g., Wireshark) or a proxy (e.g., Burp Suite) to capture traffic.
3. Trigger the GetHttpsResponse method by interacting with the application (e.g., logging in or syncing devices).

Exploitation Steps:

1. Intercept the HTTPS traffic using a proxy or by installing a malicious CA certificate on the target device.
2. Observe the GET request to push.lite.avtech.com with query parameters containing credentials.
3. Extract account_id, password, device_token, and internal_url from the URL.
4. Use the credentials to access the internal server or other AVTECH services.

Example Capture (Burp Suite):

GET /api?account_id=admin&password=secret123&device_token=abc123&internal_url=http://192.168.1.100:8080 HTTP/1.1
Host: push.lite.avtech.com

Blue Team (Defensive)

Detection:

• Monitor for GET requests to push.lite.avtech.com containing query parameters with account_id, password, or device_token.
• Alert on any URL containing password= or device_token= in the query string.
• Use network detection rules (see Detection Engineering) to flag suspicious traffic.

Mitigation:

• Block outbound traffic to push.lite.avtech.com if not required.
• Implement a web application firewall (WAF) rule to inspect query parameters for sensitive data.
• Force the application to use a patched version or apply a custom patch to move parameters to the POST body.

Indicators of Compromise (IOCs)

• Network IOCs:

  • URLs containing push.lite.avtech.com/api?account_id=
  • Query parameters with password= or device_token= in plaintext.
  • Unusual outbound connections to push.lite.avtech.com from internal hosts.

• File IOCs:

  • Log files containing account_id, password, or device_token in the URL path.
  • Browser history entries with push.lite.avtech.com and query parameters.

• Behavioral IOCs:

  • Unexpected access to internal servers listed in the internal_url parameter.
  • Lateral movement using credentials extracted from the traffic.

Detection Engineering

YARA Rule

rule CVE_2025_50110_Avtech_Credential_Leak {
    meta:
        description = "Detects plaintext credentials in URLs to push.lite.avtech.com"
        author = "Valters IT"
        date = "2025-04-10"
        cve = "CVE-2025-50110"
    strings:
        $url_pattern = /https:\/\/push\.lite\.avtech\.com\/api\?.*(account_id|password|device_token)=/
        $password = "password="
        $device_token = "device_token="
    condition:
        $url_pattern or ($password and $device_token)
}

Sigma Rule

title: CVE-2025-50110 - Avtech EagleEyes Lite Credential Leak
id: 8a9b3c4d-5e6f-7a8b-9c0d-1e2f3a4b5c6d
status: experimental
description: Detects GET requests to push.lite.avtech.com with plaintext credentials in query parameters
author: Valters IT
date: 2025-04-10
logsource:
    category: proxy
    product: suricata
detection:
    selection:
        http.hostname: "push.lite.avtech.com"
        http.url|contains: 
            - "account_id="
            - "password="
            - "device_token="
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Legitimate use if credentials are encrypted (unlikely)
level: high

Suricata Rule

alert http $HOME_NET any -> $EXTERNAL_NET any (
    msg:"CVE-2025-50110 - Avtech EagleEyes Lite Credential Leak";
    flow:to_server,established;
    http.host; content:"push.lite.avtech.com"; nocase;
    http.uri; content:"account_id="; nocase;
    http.uri; content:"password="; nocase;
    http.uri; content:"device_token="; nocase;
    classtype:attempted-recon;
    sid:1000001;
    rev:1;
)

Remediation & Mitigation

1. Immediate Action: Block outbound traffic to push.lite.avtech.com at the network perimeter until a patch is available.
2. Short-Term: Apply a custom patch to the application code to move sensitive parameters from the URL query string to the POST request body. Encrypt the body using TLS (already done) and consider additional encryption of the payload.
3. Long-Term: Replace the vulnerable EagleEyes Lite version with a secure alternative or wait for an official patch from AVTECH.
4. Monitoring: Deploy the detection rules above to identify any exploitation attempts.
5. Credential Rotation: Immediately rotate all credentials that may have been exposed (account IDs, passwords, device tokens).
6. Vendor Communication: Contact AVTECH support and demand a security patch. If unresponsive, consider reporting to CERT/CC.

Valters IT
Securing Digital Frontiers