CVE-2025-67560

Executive Summary

CVE-2025-67560 is a Missing Authorization vulnerability in the WordPress plugin Listdom by Webilia Inc., affecting versions up to and including 5.0.1. This flaw allows an authenticated attacker (with low privileges) to exploit incorrectly configured access control security levels, potentially leading to unauthorized data access or modification. The vulnerability has a CVSS score of 5.4 (Medium), with an EPSS probability of 0.0% indicating low active exploitation likelihood. No public proof-of-concept (PoC) or exploit code has been released, and no official patch is available as of the latest advisory.

Supply Chain & Package Security

This vulnerability affects the WordPress plugin ecosystem. Listdom is distributed via the official WordPress Plugin Directory and third-party marketplaces. Users should verify the integrity of their plugin files and monitor for updates from the vendor. Since no patch exists, supply chain risk is elevated; administrators must consider temporary workarounds or plugin replacement.

CVSS Breakdown & Threat Level

• Attack Vector (AV): Network (N)
• Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L)
• Privileges Required (PR): Low (L) – requires authenticated user
• User Interaction (UI): None (N)
• Scope (S): Unchanged (U)
• Confidentiality Impact (C): Low (L)
• Integrity Impact (I): Low (L)
• Availability Impact (A): None (N)
• Base Score: 5.4 (Medium)

Threat Level: Medium. Exploitation requires authentication but low complexity. Impact is limited to partial confidentiality and integrity loss.

Deep Dive & Mechanics

The vulnerability resides in the Listdom plugin's access control mechanisms. The plugin fails to properly enforce authorization checks on certain administrative or AJAX endpoints. An authenticated user with minimal privileges (e.g., subscriber) can invoke functions intended for higher-privileged roles (e.g., editor, admin). This is a classic Missing Authorization (CWE-862) flaw.

Root Cause: The plugin uses current_user_can() checks inconsistently or relies on nonce verification alone without proper capability validation. Attackers can craft requests to modify list entries, access private data, or escalate privileges within the plugin's context.

Attack Scenario:

1. Attacker authenticates as a low-privilege user (e.g., subscriber).
2. Attacker sends a crafted HTTP request to a vulnerable endpoint (e.g., wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=listdom_update_list).
3. The plugin processes the request without verifying the user's capabilities.
4. Attacker gains unauthorized access to modify or view restricted data.

Vulnerable vs. Patched Code

Since no official patch exists, the following is a hypothetical fix based on common WordPress security practices.

Vulnerable Code (listdom/includes/class-listdom-ajax.php):

add_action('wp_ajax_listdom_update_list', 'listdom_update_list_callback');
function listdom_update_list_callback() {
    // Missing capability check
    $list_id = intval($_POST['list_id']);
    // Process update...
    wp_send_json_success();
}

Patched Code (Hypothetical):

add_action('wp_ajax_listdom_update_list', 'listdom_update_list_callback');
function listdom_update_list_callback() {
    // Add capability check
    if (!current_user_can('edit_posts')) {
        wp_die('Unauthorized', 403);
    }
    $list_id = intval($_POST['list_id']);
    // Process update...
    wp_send_json_success();
}

Exploitation & Lab Setup

Red Team

Prerequisites:

• WordPress instance with Listdom <= 5.0.1 installed and activated.
• Low-privilege user account (e.g., subscriber).

Exploitation Steps:

1. Log in as the low-privilege user and obtain a valid nonce and cookie.
2. Identify vulnerable endpoints by analyzing plugin source code or using fuzzing.
3. Send a crafted POST request to wp-admin/admin-ajax.php with action listdom_update_list and malicious parameters.

Example cURL Command:

curl -X POST 'http://target/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php' \
  -H 'Cookie: wordpress_logged_in_xxx=...' \
  -d 'action=listdom_update_list&list_id=1&title=Hacked'

Blue Team

Detection:

• Monitor for unusual AJAX requests from low-privilege users to sensitive actions.
• Look for patterns of admin-ajax.php calls with actions like listdom_* from unexpected roles.
• Enable WordPress audit logging (e.g., WP Activity Log plugin).

Hunting Query (Splunk):

index=web sourcetype=access_combined
| search uri="/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php" action=listdom_*
| eval user_role=extract_field("role", raw)
| where user_role IN ("subscriber", "contributor")
| stats count by src_ip, user, action

Indicators of Compromise (IOCs)

• Network:
  • POST requests to /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php with action=listdom_* parameters.
  • Unusual HTTP 200 responses to unauthorized actions.
• File:
  • Modified entries in wp_posts or wp_postmeta tables without corresponding user capability.
  • Plugin files with missing capability checks (e.g., class-listdom-ajax.php).
• Log:
  • WordPress debug log entries showing wp_die or 403 errors on AJAX endpoints.
  • Failed capability checks in current_user_can() calls.

Detection Engineering

YARA Rule

rule CVE_2025_67560_Listdom_Missing_Auth {
    meta:
        description = "Detects missing authorization in Listdom plugin files"
        author = "Valters IT"
        date = "2025-04-01"
        reference = "CVE-2025-67560"
    strings:
        $vuln_func = "current_user_can" nocase
        $ajax_action = "listdom_" nocase
        $missing_check = "wp_ajax_" nocase
    condition:
        $ajax_action and $missing_check and not $vuln_func
}

Sigma Rule

title: CVE-2025-67560 - Listdom Missing Authorization Exploitation
id: 8a9b7c6d-5e4f-3a2b-1c0d-9e8f7a6b5c4d
status: experimental
description: Detects exploitation attempts of missing authorization in Listdom plugin
author: Valters IT
logsource:
    category: webserver
    product: apache
    service: access_combined
detection:
    selection:
        cs-uri-query|contains: 'action=listdom_'
        cs-method: 'POST'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Legitimate admin actions
level: medium

Suricata Rule

alert http $HOME_NET any -> $EXTERNAL_NET any (
    msg:"CVE-2025-67560 - Listdom Missing Authorization Exploit";
    flow:to_server,established;
    content:"POST"; http_method;
    content:"/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php"; http_uri;
    content:"action=listdom_"; http_client_body;
    classtype:attempted-admin;
    sid:1000001;
    rev:1;
)

Remediation & Mitigation

Immediate Actions:

1. Disable the Listdom plugin until an official patch is released.
2. Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) rule to block requests to admin-ajax.php with action=listdom_* from non-admin users.
3. Restrict user roles – ensure only trusted users have accounts on the site.

Long-Term Fix:

• Apply vendor patch when available.
• Replace plugin with an alternative that has proper access controls.
• Conduct a security audit of all WordPress plugins.

WAF Rule Example (ModSecurity):

SecRule REQUEST_URI "/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php" \
    "chain,id:1001,deny,msg:'Listdom Missing Auth Exploit'"
SecRule ARGS:action "^listdom_" \
    "chain"
SecRule &ARGS:nonce "0"

Valters IT Signature This report was generated by Valters IT DevSecOps AI. For questions, contact security@valters-it.com.