CVE-2026-76675

Executive Summary

CVE-2026-76675 is a command injection vulnerability (CWE-77) in the command line interface of Aruba EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways, allowing an authenticated remote attacker with high privileges to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system. The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1, reflecting critical confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact with a scope change, and successful exploitation results in complete system compromise. Public proof-of-concept information is referenced, but no vendor patch and no CISA KEV listing currently exist, leaving affected deployments exposed to a high-severity, unpatched OS-level command execution flaw.

Technical Analysis

CVE-2026-76675 is classified under CWE-77 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command, i.e., generic command injection). The affected component is the command line interface of EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways. According to the NVD description, the flaw allows an authenticated remote attacker holding high privileges to inject and execute arbitrary commands on the gateway's underlying operating system.

The attack surface is the device CLI — an administrative interface exposed to authenticated users. Because the vulnerability requires high privileges (PR:H) and is reachable over the network (AV:N), the weakness is most relevant to post-authentication attack paths: an attacker who already holds high-privileged CLI access, or who has compromised such credentials, can escalate from constrained CLI command execution to unrestricted operating-system-level command execution.

The CVSS vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H indicates:

• AV:N — exploitable over the network.
• AC:L — no special conditions are required for successful exploitation beyond valid high-privilege access.
• PR:H — the attacker must possess high privileges.
• UI:N — no user interaction is required.
• S:C — the vulnerability crosses a security scope boundary, meaning impact extends beyond the vulnerable CLI component to the underlying operating system.
• C:H/I:H/A:H — full loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

No specific function names, CLI subcommands, API parameters, or file paths are disclosed in the NVD description or CNA title. As such, the precise injection point and the exact unsanitized argument within the CLI cannot be enumerated from the available data. The vulnerability class implies that user-supplied CLI input is passed to an OS-level command execution mechanism without adequate sanitization or argument validation, allowing shell metacharacters or injected arguments to be interpreted by the operating system shell rather than treated as inert input.

Because the flaw is in the gateway (data plane / management plane appliance) rather than only the orchestrator, a successful compromise of a gateway can have downstream effects on SD-WAN fabric integrity, tunnel security, routing policy, and traffic confidentiality.

Exploitation Scenarios

No public exploit code is available for this CVE (Exploit Code: NO; Nuclei Template: NO), although PoC status is marked Public. The following attack chain is described strictly at the vulnerability-class level and is inferred from the NVD description and CVSS characteristics. Where implementation specifics are not provided, none are invented.

1. Reconnaissance / target identification An adversary identifies reachable Aruba EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateway command line interfaces. Discovery may leverage network scanning, exposed management interfaces (identified via Shodan-type product/title queries such as those listed in METADATA), or knowledge of the organization's SD-WAN deployment. Because the vulnerability requires high privileges (PR:H), the attacker must either already possess valid high-privileged credentials or obtain them through prior credential theft, phishing, or reuse.

2. Triggering the command injection flaw After authenticating with high privileges, the attacker interacts with the gateway CLI. In the generic CWE-77 pattern, the attacker supplies crafted input to a CLI field or argument that the underlying implementation passes to an operating system command without proper neutralization. The malformed input causes the injected command string to be interpreted by the OS shell rather than being confined to the intended CLI function. The NVD description does not disclose which CLI command or parameter is vulnerable, so the exact trigger point cannot be enumerated here.

3. Payload / execution method At the vulnerability-class level, the injected content is an operating-system command or command sequence rather than a validated CLI value. Successful injection results in arbitrary command execution under the privilege context of the affected process on the gateway operating system. No specific payloads, shell metacharacters, or invocation syntax are documented in the supplied data and are therefore not specified.

4. Post-exploitation impact Per the CVSS vector (C:H/I:H/A:H, S:C), successful exploitation yields complete system compromise of the gateway: full read access to sensitive data, ability to modify system configuration and software, and ability to disrupt availability. An attacker controlling the gateway's OS could alter SD-WAN routing and policies, intercept or manipulate traffic traversing the gateway, pivot into adjacent trusted network segments, and use the compromised appliance as a foothold within the SD-WAN fabric. The scope change (S:C) explicitly signals impact beyond the vulnerable CLI component.

Note: No public PoC code was observed in the provided dataset; the attack chain above is inferred from the vulnerability class and the CVSS vector.

Impact Assessment

The CVSS v3.1 base score is 9.1 (Critical). Subscore interpretation from the provided vector (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H):

• Confidentiality: High — arbitrary OS command execution enables reading of configuration, credentials, keys, and traffic data.
• Integrity: High — attacker can modify system state, configuration, and potentially network behavior.
• Availability: High — attacker can disrupt or disable gateway functionality.
• Scope: Changed — the impact crosses from the CLI component to the underlying operating system.
• Attack Vector: Network; Attack Complexity: Low; Privileges Required: High; User Interaction: None.

Business impact centers on SD-WAN infrastructure integrity. A compromised EdgeConnect gateway can affect branch/edge connectivity, VPN/tunnel confidentiality, and routing policy across an enterprise WAN. Because SD-WAN gateways are typically positioned at trust boundaries, their compromise can serve as a pivot point into data center and cloud-connected segments. The blast radius is proportional to the number of gateways the attacker can reach with valid high-privileged credentials, and to the degree of lateral trust assigned to the SD-WAN fabric.

EPSS is 0.01451 (72.3rd percentile), indicating a low predicted probability of exploitation in the near term relative to all scored CVEs, but a percentile that still places it ahead of roughly three-quarters of the CVE corpus. The vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV, and no threat-actor campaign has been documented in the supplied data. The High PR requirement limits mass opportunistic exploitation, but the "Public" PoC status raises the risk of targeted use once credentials are acquired.

Detection Guidance

Sigma Rule

title: Potential EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateway CLI Command Injection (CVE-2026-76675)
id: 3f6c1f1e-9c6a-4f0e-9b2a-766750000001
status: experimental
description: Detects suspicious OS command execution originating from EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateway CLI processes, indicative of CWE-77 command injection.
references:
  - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-76675
author: valtersit.com
date: 2026/01/01
logsource:
  category: process_creation
  product: linux
detection:
  selection_parent:
    ParentImage|endswith:
      - '/cli'
      - '/edgectl'
      - '/sdwan-cli'
  selection_child:
    Image|endswith:
      - '/sh'
      - '/bash'
      - '/dash'
      - '/busybox'
  selection_suspicious:
    CommandLine|contains:
      - '|'
      - ';'
      - '`'
      - '$(('
      - '&&'
  condition: selection_parent and selection_child and selection_suspicious
falsepositives:
  - Legitimate administrative scripts invoking shell from CLI wrappers
level: high
tags:
  - attack.t1190
  - cve.2026.76675
  - cwe.77

YARA Rule

rule CVE_2026_76675_EdgeConnect_CLI_CmdInjection
{
    meta:
        description = "Detects CLI input strings containing shell metacharacters associated with CWE-77 command injection attempts against EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways (CVE-2026-76675)"
        author = "valtersit.com"
        date = "2026-01-01"
        reference = "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-76675"
        cve = "CVE-2026-76675"
        cwe = "CWE-77"

    strings:
        $cli1 = "show " nocase
        $cli2 = "edgeconnect" nocase
        $cli3 = "sdwan" nocase
        $meta1 = ";" ascii
        $meta2 = "|" ascii
        $meta3 = "`" ascii
        $meta4 = "$(" ascii
        $meta5 = "&&" ascii
        $cmd1 = "/bin/sh" ascii nocase
        $cmd2 = "curl " ascii nocase
        $cmd3 = "wget " ascii nocase
        $cmd4 = "chmod " ascii nocase

    condition:
        (uint16(0) == 0x7F45 or filesize < 1MB) and
        (1 of ($cli*)) and
        (1 of ($meta*)) and
        (1 of ($cmd*))
}

Suricata IDS Rule

alert tcp $EXTERNAL_NET any -> $HOME_NET any (msg:"CVE-2026-76675 Aruba EdgeConnect SD-WAN CLI Command Injection Attempt"; flow:to_server,established; content:"EdgeConnect"; nocase; http_header; content:"|3b|"; distance:0; within:64; content:"|7c|"; distance:0; within:64; reference:cve,2026-76675; reference:url,nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-76675; classtype:attempted-admin; sid:202676675; rev:1;)

Note: Because the vulnerability is a CLI-level command injection and the exact transport (HTTP/SSH/CLI protocol) is not disclosed in the NVD description, the Suricata rule above targets textual shell-metacharacter patterns accompanying EdgeConnect CLI references. Analysts should tune protocol/port and content matches to their observed management-interface traffic.

Elastic Detection

process where event.type == "start" and
  process.parent.name in ("cli", "edgectl", "sdwan-cli") and
  process.name in ("sh", "bash", "dash", "busybox") and
  process.args : ("*;*", "*|*", "*`*", "*$(*", "*&&*")

Splunk SPL Query

index=os sourcetype=process_creation
| search (parent_process_name IN ("cli","edgectl","sdwan-cli"))
  AND (process_name IN ("sh","bash","dash","busybox"))
  AND (process_command_line="*;*" OR process_command_line="*|*" OR process_command_line="*`*" OR process_command_line="*$(*" OR process_command_line="*&&*")
| stats count min(_time) as first_seen max(_time) as last_seen by host, user, parent_process_name, process_name, process_command_line
| sort - last_seen

Wazuh OSSEC Rule

<group name="aruba_edgeconnect,cve_2026_76675,">
  <rule id="202676675" level="12">
    <if_sid>550</if_sid>
    <field name="parent_process">cli|edgectl|sdwan-cli</field>
    <field name="process">sh|bash|dash|busybox</field>
    <regex field="command">[;|`]|\$\(|&amp;&amp;</regex>
    <description>CVE-2026-76675: Potential EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateway CLI command injection - shell spawned from CLI process with metacharacters</description>
    <mitre>
      <id>T1190</id>
    </mitre>
    <group>attack,cve_2026_76675,</group>
  </rule>
</group>

Mitigation & Patch Guidance

Patch confidence: 0/4 (UNPATCHED — no patch evidence from any tracked source). No vendor fix, no workaround, and no affected version range are documented in the supplied intelligence. The following guidance is therefore defensive and compensating in nature.

1. Immediate mitigations

• Restrict CLI access: limit the high-privileged CLI surface to trusted management networks and administrative jump hosts; enforce least-privilege accounts and remove shared/standing high-privilege credentials where possible. The vulnerability requires high privileges (PR:H), so reducing the number of accounts that can reach the CLI directly reduces exposure.
• Enforce strong authentication and MFA on administrative access, and rotate credentials for any CLI-capable accounts, given the post-authentication nature of the flaw.
• Network segmentation and ACLs: prevent gateway CLIs from being reachable from untrusted or internet-adjacent networks; monitor for exposed management/CLI interfaces.
• Monitor and alert on suspicious shell/tool spawning (curl, wget, chmod, sh/bash) from the CLI process (see Detection Guidance). Treat such events as potential active exploitation.
• Contact Aruba Networks / HPE support for a supported firmware path and vendor advisory; confirm whether a fixed release exists even though no public patch reference was tracked.

2. Patch / upgrade steps

• No patch is currently available per tracked sources (Patch Confidence 0/4). Do not assume any specific firmware version resolves this CVE.
• Subscribe to the Aruba Networks / HPE security advisory feed and to the NVD entry for CVE-2026-76675, and apply the official fix immediately once released.
• When a vendor fix does become available, plan emergency-change-window upgrades for all exposed EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateways and verify from the vendor advisory which versions are affected.

3. Long-term hardening

• Maintain an authoritative inventory of EdgeConnect SD-WAN Gateway firmware versions and continuously reconcile it with vendor advisories.
• Apply the principle of least privilege to all administrative CLI roles and periodically review accounts for unnecessary high-privilege entitlements.
• Implement centralized, tamper-resistant logging for gateway CLI and OS-level process execution to improve detection and forensic readiness.
• Conduct regular configuration and exposure reviews, and integrate SD-WAN appliances into vulnerability management and threat-hunting programs.

References

• NVD — CVE-2026-76675: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-76675
• MITRE CWE-77 — Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command: https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/77.html
• FIRST EPSS — CVE-2026-76675 scoring (EPSS 0.01451, 72.3rd percentile): https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2026-76675
• CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog (CVE-2026-76675 not currently listed): https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog
• Aruba Networks / HPE Product Security Advisories (monitor for EdgeConnect SD-WAN advisory): https://www.arubanetworks.com/support-services/security-bulletins/

No threat actor campaigns or confirmed exploit-in-the-wild activity for CVE-2026-76675 were identified in the provided intelligence. Public PoC status is noted, but no exploit code or Nuclei template was observed.